Editing Axis of evil (section)

==Other axes==
{{see|Axis of Resistance|Axis of Upheaval}}

In January 2006, Israeli Defense Minister [[Shaul Mofaz]] implicated "the axis of terror that operates between Iran and Syria" following a suicide bomb in [[Tel Aviv]].<ref name="bbc2006-01-20">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/middle_east/4630650.stm|title=Israel attacks 'axis of terror'|date=January 20, 2006|work=BBC News|access-date=May 22, 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013061111/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/4630650.stm|archive-date=October 13, 2013|url-status=live}}</ref>

In April 2006 the phrase ''axis of terror'' earned more publicity. Israel's UN Ambassador, [[Dan Gillerman]], cautioned of a new ''axis of terror''—Iran, Syria and the [[Hamas]]-run Palestinian government; Gillerman repeated the term before the UN over the crisis in Lebanon.<ref>{{cite news|title=Gillerman fingers 'axis of terror' |url=http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull&cid=1139395462436 |newspaper=The Jerusalem Post |date=February 22, 2006 |access-date=November 28, 2007 }}{{dead link|date=October 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Some three months later Israeli senior foreign ministry official Gideon Meir branded the alleged alliance an ''axis of terror and hate''.<ref name="gulf-times-2006-07-14">{{cite news|url=http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=97233&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17|title=Israel blames Iran and Syria for violence|date=July 14, 2006|work=Gulf Times|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930201619/http://www.gulf-times.com/site/topics/article.asp?cu_no=2&item_no=97233&version=1&template_id=37&parent_id=17|archive-date=September 30, 2007|access-date=May 22, 2007}}</ref>

In 2006, [[Isaias Afewerki]], the president of [[Eritrea]], had declared in response to the deteriorating relations with the neighboring countries of [[Ethiopia]], [[Sudan]] and [[Yemen]] by accusing them of being an "Axis of Belligerence."<ref>{{cite web|title=parade-magazine-2007-02-17> |url=http://www.parade.com/articles/web_exclusives/2007/02-11-2007/dictators13.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081202115614/http://www.parade.com/articles/web_exclusives/2007/02-11-2007/dictators13.html |archive-date=December 2, 2008 }}</ref>

In 2006, the former [[president of Venezuela]], [[Hugo Chávez]], described the so-called [[Pink tide|New Latin Left]] as an "axis of good" which comprised [[Movement for Socialism (Bolivia)|Bolivia]], [[Concertación|Chile]], [[Communist Party of Cuba|Cuba]], [[PAIS Alliance|Ecuador]], [[Sandinista National Liberation Front|Nicaragua]], [[Broad Front (Uruguay)|Uruguay]] and [[Great Patriotic Pole|Venezuela]] but described "Washington and its allies" as an "axis of evil".<ref name="evomorales">{{cite web|title=Evo Morales hace amigos|author=Alba Gil|url=http://www.americaeconomica.com/numeros4/352/reportajes%5CAlba352.htm|website=AmericaEconomica.com|date=January 5, 2006|access-date=May 22, 2007|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140409170257/http://www.americaeconomica.com/numeros4/352/reportajes/Alba352.htm|archive-date=April 9, 2014}}</ref>

In 2007, the commander of Iran's [[Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps]] declared that the United States, the United Kingdom and Israel were part of an "axis of evil" alleging mass violence against the Islamic world, crimes against humanity and attempting to divide [[Shia Islam|Shi'ites]] and [[Sunni Islam|Sunnis]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Iran Guard says U.S., Britain, Israel "axis of evil" |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSBLA466529/ |access-date=March 9, 2024 |website=Reuters|date=August 9, 2007 }}</ref>

In 2008, ''[[The Economist]]'' featured an article about the "Axis of Diesel" in reference to a burgeoning alliance of Iran, Russia, and Venezuela. They cite the billions of dollars in arms sales to Venezuela and the construction of Iranian nuclear facilities as well as the rejection of added sanctions on Iran. They did conclude that the benefits of the arrangement were exaggerated, however.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12480942 |newspaper=The Economist |title=An axis in need of oiling |date=October 23, 2008 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081026024742/http://www.economist.com/world/international/displaystory.cfm?story_id=12480942 |archive-date=October 26, 2008 }}</ref>

From 2010 onward, the term "[[Axis of Resistance]]" has been used to describe an [[Anti-Western sentiment|anti-Western]] and [[Anti-Zionism|anti-Israeli]]<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9459321/Syria-Iran-vows-it-will-not-allow-Assad-to-fall.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/syria/9459321/Syria-Iran-vows-it-will-not-allow-Assad-to-fall.html |archive-date=January 12, 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Syria: Iran vows it will not allow Assad to fall|date=July 12, 2012|access-date=August 8, 2012|work=[[The Daily Telegraph]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> [[Political alliance|alliance]] between [[Iran]], [[Ba'athist Syria|Syria]], [[Hezbollah]], [[Iraqi Shia militia]]s, and the [[Houthis]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/syria-crisis-idINL6E8J6E9Q20120807/|title=Iran backs Assad as Syrian forces choke off Aleppo|date=August 7, 2012|access-date=August 7, 2012|publisher=[[Reuters]]|archive-date=January 27, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230127053526/http://in.reuters.com/article/syria-crisis-idINL6E8J6E9Q20120807/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/07/world/meast/syria-unrest/|title=Iran: Syria part of 'axis of resistance'|date=August 7, 2012|access-date=August 7, 2012|publisher=[[CNN]]|archive-date=September 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921050037/https://www.cnn.com/2012/08/07/world/meast/syria-unrest/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2012, author [[William C. Martel]], in a short essay for ''[[The Diplomat (magazine)|The Diplomat]]'', wrote of an "Authoritarian Axis", comprising [[China]], [[Russia]], [[Iran]], [[North Korea]], [[Ba'athist Syria|Syria]], and [[Venezuela]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://thediplomat.com/2012/06/an-authoritarian-axis-rising/|title=An Authoritarian Axis Rising?|author=William C. Martel, The Diplomat|work=The Diplomat|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131216045110/https://thediplomat.com/2012/06/an-authoritarian-axis-rising/|archive-date=December 16, 2013}}</ref> Following the death of Venezuela's Hugo Chávez in 2013, Martel removed Venezuela from the assigned list of countries, in his subsequent writings about the "axis". Martel's thesis drew criticism from ''[[The American Conservative]]'' and ''Muslim Village'', with the main arguments cited in opposition to his idea being the lack of cohesion and generally low levels of cooperation shown between the cited countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theamericanconservative.com/larison/the-authoritarian-axis-that-doesnt-exist/|author=[[Daniel Larison]]|title=The "Authoritarian Axis" That Doesn't Exist|work=The American Conservative|date=June 29, 2012 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150918002356/http://www.theamericanconservative.com/larison/the-authoritarian-axis-that-doesnt-exist/|archive-date=September 18, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theamericanconservative.com/larison/the-return-of-the-authoritarian-axis-that-doesnt-exist/|title=The Return of the "Authoritarian Axis" That Doesn't Exist|work=The American Conservative |date=July 24, 2012 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150909152434/http://www.theamericanconservative.com/larison/the-return-of-the-authoritarian-axis-that-doesnt-exist/|archive-date=September 9, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://muslimvillage.com/2012/07/04/24781/there-is-no-cabal-the-authoritarian-axis-nonsense/|author=[[Nick Ottens]]|title=There is no cabal: The "Authoritarian Axis" nonsense|work=Muslim Village|date=July 4, 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170420050013/https://muslimvillage.com/2012/07/04/24781/there-is-no-cabal-the-authoritarian-axis-nonsense/|archive-date=April 20, 2017|access-date=April 19, 2017}}</ref>

Several [[environmental movement|environmental]] [[non-governmental organizations]], including [[Greenpeace]]<ref>Peter I Hajnal; John J Kirton, "Sustainability, civil society, and international governance : local, North American, and global contributions" page 344</ref> and the [[Green Party of Canada]],<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/SciTech/20061113/ambrose_conference_061113/|title=Canada pressured at UN climate change talks|publisher=[[CTV Television Network]]|date=November 13, 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110604224303/https://www.ctv.ca/CTVNews/SciTech/20061113/ambrose_conference_061113/|archive-date=June 4, 2011}}</ref> have dubbed Australia, Canada and United States, the "Axis of Environmental Evil" because of their lack of support for international environmental agreements, particularly those related to [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=May 31, 2003 |title=The unbearable lightness of being at Bali |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2003-05-31-the-unbearable-lightness-of-being-at-bali/ |access-date=August 21, 2024 |website=The Mail & Guardian |language=en-ZA |archive-date=August 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822070242/https://mg.co.za/article/2003-05-31-the-unbearable-lightness-of-being-at-bali/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=September 7, 2002 |title=More gold than green |url=https://www.smh.com.au/environment/sustainability/more-gold-than-green-20020907-gdfm2q.html |access-date=August 21, 2024 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald |language=en |archive-date=August 22, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240822070242/https://www.smh.com.au/environment/sustainability/more-gold-than-green-20020907-gdfm2q.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

During a March 2018 interview with the Egyptian media, [[Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia|Saudi Crown Prince]] [[Mohammad bin Salman]] referred [[Iran]], [[Turkey]] and Islamist organizations such as the [[Islamic State]] and the [[Muslim Brotherhood]] as the "triangle of evil", to describe their current policies in the Middle East.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/middle-east/state-visit-to-britain-by-saudi-leader-fails-to-sway-critics-1.3423270|first=Michael|last=Jansen|title=State visit to Britain by Saudi leader fails to sway critics|date=March 11, 2018|work=Irish Times |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312204823/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/middle-east/state-visit-to-britain-by-saudi-leader-fails-to-sway-critics-1.3423270 |archive-date=March 12, 2018}}</ref> Those remarks were later dismissed by Iran, describing it as "childish" and said that Saudi Arabia's intervention in Yemen has "caused instability and extremism and stuck in a quagmire" in Yemen.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-mbs-egypt-visit-triangle-evil-salman-reaction-turkey.html|title=Iran dismisses Saudi talk of 'triangle of evil' as 'childish'|author=Al-Monitor Staff|date=March 8, 2018|publisher=[[Al-Monitor]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180311231041/https://www.al-monitor.com/pulse/originals/2018/03/iran-mbs-egypt-visit-triangle-evil-salman-reaction-turkey.html |archive-date=March 11, 2018}}</ref>

In October 2018, the economist [[Paul Krugman]] tweeted, "[t]here's a new axis of evil: Russia, Saudi Arabia—and the United States", the three countries that declined to endorse the United Nation's latest climate study at the [[2018 United Nations Climate Change Conference]].<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://thehill.com/homenews/media/420525-nyts-krugman-says-us-in-new-axis-of-evil-with-russia-and-saudi-arabia |title=NYT's Krugman: US, Russia and Saudi Arabia are 'new axis of evil' |newspaper=The Hill |date=December 10, 2018 |last1=Keller |first1=Megan |access-date=December 14, 2018 |archive-date=December 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181216073803/https://thehill.com/homenews/media/420525-nyts-krugman-says-us-in-new-axis-of-evil-with-russia-and-saudi-arabia |url-status=live }}</ref>

In February 2022, American conservative political commentator [[Danielle Pletka]] called [[China]], [[Russia]], [[Iran]], and [[North Korea]] as the "new" axis of evil in an article for the ''[[National Review]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|date=February 12, 2022|title=China's Olympics Are at the Center of a New Axis of Evil|url=https://www.nationalreview.com/2022/02/chinas-olympics-are-at-the-center-of-a-new-axis-of-evil/|access-date=February 13, 2022|website=National Review|language=en-US|archive-date=August 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220825232426/https://www.nationalreview.com/2022/02/chinas-olympics-are-at-the-center-of-a-new-axis-of-evil/|url-status=live}}</ref> Following the [[2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine]], the ''[[Taipei Times]]'' published an [[editorial]] calling the [[China–Russia relations|alliance between the Russia and China]] "the real axis of evil".<ref>{{Cite web |date=March 16, 2022 |title=EDITORIAL: Real 'axis of evil' revealed |url=https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2022/03/16/2003774859 |access-date= |website=Taipei Times |archive-date=April 4, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220404193142/https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/editorials/archives/2022/03/16/2003774859 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2023, Senate Republican Leader [[Mitch McConnell]] told CBS' "[[Face The Nation]]" that Iran, North Korea, Russia, and China are the new "axis of evil.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-22 |title=Transcript: Senate Minority Leader Mitch McConnell on "Face the Nation," Oct. 22, 2023 |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/mitch-mcconnell-senate-minority-leader-face-the-nation-transcript-10-22-2023/ |access-date=2023-10-27 |website=CBS News |archive-date=October 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231023045406/https://www.cbsnews.com/amp/news/mitch-mcconnell-senate-minority-leader-face-the-nation-transcript-10-22-2023/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-22 |title=US faces new "axis of evil" in Iran, China, and Russia: Mitch McConnell |url=https://www.newsweek.com/us-faces-new-axis-evil-iran-china-russia-mitch-mcconnell-1836775 |access-date=2023-10-24 |website=Newsweek |language=en |archive-date=October 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231024064840/https://www.newsweek.com/us-faces-new-axis-evil-iran-china-russia-mitch-mcconnell-1836775 |url-status=live }}</ref> The Speaker of the House, [[Mike Johnson]] echoed a very similar comment on [[Fox News]]' "[[Hannity]]".<ref>{{Cite web |date=October 27, 2023 |title=Speaker of the House Mike Johnson on "Hannity" Oct. 26, 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4RC8tABeMo |access-date=October 27, 2023 |website=YouTube |archive-date=October 27, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231027152557/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_4RC8tABeMo |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2023, [[Prime Minister of Israel|Israeli Prime Minister]]  [[Benjamin Netanyahu]] described an axis of evil involving [[Hamas]] and [[Iran and state-sponsored terrorism|Iran]] in an op-ed in ''[[The Wall Street Journal]]''.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/foreign/netanyahu-warns-world-iran-hamas-win-you-next-target|title=Netanyahu warns world if Hamas wins, you are the 'next target'|date=October 31, 2023|website=[[Washington Examiner]]|access-date=October 31, 2023|archive-date=October 31, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231031184243/https://www.washingtonexaminer.com/policy/foreign/netanyahu-warns-world-iran-hamas-win-you-next-target|url-status=live}}</ref>

On April 17, 2024, [[GOP]] U.S. [[speaker of the house]] [[Mike Johnson]] referred to China as part of "the axis of evil" that includes Iran, and Russia. Johnson based his statement on the belief that the countries pose threats the western-aligned countries of Taiwan, Israel, and Ukraine. This preceded a change of tact, where the speaker decided to support $95 billion of defence aid for the combined countries, despite the opposition of the more conservative members of his caucus.<ref>{{cite magazine | last=McCartney | first=Micah | title=China hits back at Mike Johnson | magazine=Newsweek | date=April 19, 2024 | url=https://www.newsweek.com/china-hits-back-mike-johnson-1892038 | access-date=April 21, 2024 | archive-date=April 20, 2024 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240420184416/https://www.newsweek.com/china-hits-back-mike-johnson-1892038 | url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="MSN 2024 d058">{{cite web | title=House approves $95 billion in aid to Ukraine, Israel and Taiwan| website=MSN | date=April 21, 2024 | url=https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/politics/house-approves--billion-in-aid-to-ukraine-israel-and-taiwan/ar-AA1nlCHL?ocid=sapphireappshare | access-date=April 21, 2024}}</ref>

In July 2024, British Army General [[Sir Patrick Sanders]] said that Russia, China and Iran were the "new axis powers" in an interview with [[The Times]].<ref>{{cite news |last1=Dunn |first1=Tom Newton |title=Rearm now or face threat of global conflict, ex-army chief warns |url=https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/re-arm-now-or-face-threat-of-global-conflict-ex-army-chief-warns-58tfn2sdd |access-date=July 11, 2024 |work=The Times |date=July 8, 2024 |language=en |archive-date=July 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711190005/https://www.thetimes.com/uk/politics/article/re-arm-now-or-face-threat-of-global-conflict-ex-army-chief-warns-58tfn2sdd |url-status=live }}</ref> He argued they posed more of a threat than [[Nazi Germany]] in 1939, stating "They are more interdependent and more aligned than the original axis powers were" and that the world is facing "as dangerous a moment as any time that we've had since 1945".<ref>{{cite news |last1=Scott |first1=Jennifer |title=Ex-army chief issues WW3 warning and brands 'new axis powers' more dangerous than the Nazis |url=https://news.sky.com/story/ex-army-chief-issues-ww3-warning-and-brands-new-axis-powers-more-dangerous-than-the-nazis-13175523 |access-date=July 11, 2024 |work=Sky News |date=July 9, 2024 |language=en |archive-date=July 11, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240711190005/https://news.sky.com/story/ex-army-chief-issues-ww3-warning-and-brands-new-axis-powers-more-dangerous-than-the-nazis-13175523 |url-status=live }}</ref> On July 23, newly appointed Army chief General [[Sir Roland Walker]] said in a speech that the UK faced danger from an "[[Axis of Upheaval|axis of upheaval]]" with threats from an angered Russia, that China was intent on retaking Taiwan, and that Iran was likely to pursue nuclear weapons.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Beale |first1=Jonathan |title=UK must be ready for war in three years, says Army head |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c035d05je2jo |access-date=July 24, 2024 |work=BBC News |date=July 23, 2024 |language=en}}</ref>