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Bone fracture
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====Soft-tissue involvement==== * Closed/simple fractures are those in which the overlying skin is intact<ref>{{Cite web|title=Simple fracture {{!}} pathology|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/simple-fracture|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Encyclopedia Britannica|language=en|archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519172848/https://www.britannica.com/science/simple-fracture|url-status=live}}</ref> * [[Open fracture|Open/compound fractures]] involve wounds that communicate with the fracture, or where fracture [[hematoma]] is exposed, and may thus expose bone to [[contamination]]. Open injuries carry a higher risk of [[infection]]. Reports indicate an incidence of infection after internal fixation of closed fracture of 1-2%, rising to 30% in open fractures.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Metsemakers |first1=WJ |last2=Onsea |first2=J |last3=Neutjens |first3=E |last4=Steffens |first4=E |last5=Schuermans |first5=A |last6=McNally |first6=M |last7=Nijs |first7=S |title=Prevention of fracture-related infection: a multidisciplinary care package. |journal=International Orthopaedics |date=December 2017 |volume=41 |issue=12 |pages=2457β2469 |doi=10.1007/s00264-017-3607-y |pmid=28831576|s2cid=12894601 |doi-access=free }}</ref> ** Clean fracture ** Contaminated fracture
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