Editing Box jellyfish (section)

=== Reproduction ===
[[File:Chiropsalmus quadrumanus.png|thumb|Box jellyfish species ''[[Chiropsalmus quadrumanus]]'' contradicts the belief that Cubozoans are [[semelparous]].]]
Cubozoans usually have an annual life cycle. Box jellyfish reach sexual maturity when their bell diameter reaches 5 millimeters.<ref name=":02">{{Cite journal |last1=Lewis |first1=Cheryl |last2=Long |first2=Tristan A. F. |date=2005-06-01 |title=Courtship and reproduction in Carybdea sivickisi (Cnidaria: Cubozoa) |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-1602-0 |journal=Marine Biology |language=en |volume=147 |issue=2 |pages=477–483 |doi=10.1007/s00227-005-1602-0 |issn=1432-1793|url-access=subscription }}</ref> [[Chirodropida]] reproduces by [[external fertilization]]. [[Carybdeida]] instead reproduces by [[internal fertilization]] and is [[ovoviviparous]]; sperm is transferred by spermatozeugmata, a type of [[spermatophore]].<ref name="Avian20212">{{cite book |last1=Avian |first1=Massimo |title=Invertebrate Zoology: A Tree of Life Approach |last2=Ramšak |first2=Andreja |publisher=CRC Press |year=2021 |isbn=978-1-4822-3582-1 |editor-last=Schierwater |editor-first=Bernd |chapter=Chapter 10: Phylum Cnidaria: classes Scyphozoa, Cubozoa and Staurozoa |editor-last2=DeSalle |editor-first2=Rob}}</ref> Hours after the fertilization, the female releases an embryo strand that contains its own nematocytes; both euryteles and isorhizas.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rodríguez |first=J. C. |date=2015 |title=Anatomy associated with the reproductive behavior of Cubozoa |journal=Institute of Biosciences of the University of Sao Paulo |publication-place=Sao Paulo}}</ref> Cubozoas are the only class of cnidarian that contains species that perform the “wedding dance” to transfer the spermatophores from the male into the females, including the ''Carybdea sivickisi'' species.<ref name=":02" />

It is previously believed that medusa species only reproduce once in their life before dying a few weeks later, a semelparity lifestyle.<ref name=":02" /> Alternatively, in July 2023, the box jelly species ''Chiropsalmus quadrumanus'', were found to potentially have iteroparous reproduction, meaning they reproduce multiple times in their life. Oogenesis appears to happen numerous times as oocytes are discovered in four stages; pre-vitellogenic, early vitellogenic, mid vitellogenic, and late vitellogenic.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=García-Rodríguez |first1=Jimena |last2=Ames |first2=Cheryl Lewis |last3=Jaimes-Becerra |first3=Adrian |last4=Tiseo |first4=Gisele Rodrigues |last5=Morandini |first5=André Carrara |last6=Cunha |first6=Amanda Ferreira |last7=Marques |first7=Antonio Carlos |date=July 2023 |title=Histological Investigation of the Female Gonads of Chiropsalmus quadrumanus (Cubozoa: Cnidaria) Suggests Iteroparous Reproduction |journal=Diversity |language=en |volume=15 |issue=7 |pages=816 |doi=10.3390/d15070816 |issn=1424-2818 |doi-access=free }}</ref> Continuous research needs to be conducted to determine if box jellyfish are semelparity or iteroparous, or if it is species dependent.