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Chiastic structure
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==Use in the Quran== While there are many examples of chiastic structure in the Quran, perhaps the most well known is in the '[[Verse of the Throne]]' or 'Ayat al-Kursi'. The verse contains 9 sentences which exhibit chiasmus, but perhaps more interesting is that it is found in the longest chapter of the Quran, [[Al-Baqara]], which itself contains a fractal chiastic structure in its 286 verses, i.e. where each (outer) chiasm is composed of (inner) chiastic structures reflected in some sense in the analogue outer chiasm. One such analysis of the chapter is shown below (from;<ref>{{Cite web|last=Zakariya|first=Abu|date=21 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924034743/https://www.islam21c.com/islamic-thought/ring-theory-the-qurans-structural-coherence/ |archive-date=24 September 2015 |title=Ring Theory: the Quran's Structural Coherence|url=https://www.islam21c.com/islamic-thought/ring-theory-the-qurans-structural-coherence/|access-date=2023-03-13|website=Islam21c.com|language=en-GB}}</ref> alternate and/or more detail analyses can be found in,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Farrin|first=Raymond K.|date=January 2010|title=Surat al-Baqara: A Structural Analysis*|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1478-1913.2009.01299.x|journal=The Muslim World|language=en|volume=100|issue=1|pages=17β32|doi=10.1111/j.1478-1913.2009.01299.x|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2015-04-21|title=Coherence: Evidence of the Quran's Literary Depth|url=https://understandquran.com/coherence-evidence-of-the-qurans-literary-depth/|access-date=2023-03-13|website=Understand Al-Qur'an Academy|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |first=Muhammad |last=Rizvi |title=Symmetry in Sura al-Baqara |publisher=(blog) |date=1 June 2018 |url=https://tgminitiative.blogspot.com/2018/06/symmetry-in-sura-al-baqara.html|access-date=2023-03-13|website=Symmetry in Sura al-Baqara}}</ref>). {| class="wikitable" |- |+ Chiastic structure of Sura 2: The Cow |- |A: Belief (1-20) :Aa: Believers (1-5) :Ab: Unbelievers (6-20) ::B: God's creation and knowledge (21-39) :::Ba: Evidence of God: Life and death, bringing the dead back to life (28) :::Bb: God knows all (29-30, 32-33) ::::C: Early prophets and books (40-103) :::::Ca: God gave Moses the Book (43, 87) :::::Cb: Solomon, son of David (102) ::::::D: Trials (104-152) :::::::Da: Abraham tested by God (124) :::::::Db: Abraham and Ishmael built Ka'ba (127) :::::::Dc: Concealing testimony (140) :::::::Dd: People of the book (Jews and Christians) say... (111, 113, 116, 118, 135) ::::::D': Trials (153-177) :::::::Da': Muslims will be tested (155) :::::::Db': Pilgrimage to the Ka'ba (158) :::::::Dc': Concealing God's signs and revelations (159, 174) :::::::Dd': Polytheists say... (167, 170) ::::C': Early prophets and books (178-253) :::::Ca': It has been written (prescribed) for you (178, 180, 183, 216) :::::Cb': David, father of Solomon (251) ::B': God's creation and knowledge (254-284) :::Ba': Evidence of God: Life and death, bringing the dead back to life (258-260) :::Bb': God knows all (255-256,261,268,270-271,273,282-284) A': Belief (285-286) :Aa': Believers (285) :Ab': Unbelievers (286) |}
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