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Colostomy
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==Complications== [[File:Colostomy and parastomal hernia.JPG|thumb|Patient with a colostomy complicated by a large parastomal hernia, which is when tissue protrudes adjacent to the stoma tract.]] [[File:Colostomy and parastomal hernia - CT.png|thumb|left|[[X-ray computed tomography|CT scan]] of same patient, showing intestines within the hernia.|alt=]] Parastomal hernia (PH) is the most common late complication of stomata through the [[abdominal wall]], occurring in 10-25% of patients,<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.abdominalsurg.org/journal/2014/paraostomy-hernias-prosthetic-mesh-repair.html|title=Paraostomy Hernias: Prosthetic Mesh Repair|author=Paul H. Sugarbaker|journal=Abdominal Surgery|publisher=American Society of Abdominal Surgeons|date=2013|access-date=2015-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160131210854/http://www.abdominalsurg.org/journal/2014/paraostomy-hernias-prosthetic-mesh-repair.html|archive-date=2016-01-31|url-status=dead}}</ref> even up to 50% by some estimates.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Taylor |first=Claire |last2=Munro |first2=Julie |last3=Goodman |first3=William |last4=Russell |first4=Sarah |last5=Oliphant |first5=Raymond |last6=Beeken |first6=Rebecca J |last7=Hubbard |first7=Gill |date=2023 |title=Hernia Active Living Trial (HALT): an exercise intervention in people with a parastomal hernia or bulge |url=http://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/10.12968/bjon.2023.32.22.S4 |journal=British Journal of Nursing |language=en |volume=32 |issue=22 |pages=S4βS11 |doi=10.12968/bjon.2023.32.22.S4 |issn=0966-0461 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240311000000/http://www.magonlinelibrary.com/doi/10.12968/bjon.2023.32.22.S4 |archive-date=11 March 2024}} [https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/210090/ Alt URL]</ref> [[Prolapse]] of bowel wall through the stoma occasionally happens and can require reoperation to repair.{{Citation needed|date=June 2024}} Clinical [[pilates]]-based exercises have been demonstrated to improve patients' core abdominal strength and to reduce the risk of a hernia worsening.<ref name=":0" /> Other common complications of colostomy are high output, skin irritation, prolapse, retraction, and ischemia. {{clear}}
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