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Contour integration
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===Example=== A fundamental result in complex analysis is that the contour integral of {{math|{{sfrac|1|''z''}}}} is {{math|2Ο''i''}}, where the path of the contour is taken to be the unit circle traversed counterclockwise (or any positively oriented [[Jordan curve]] about 0). In the case of the unit circle there is a direct method to evaluate the integral <math display=block>\oint_C \frac{1}{z}\,dz.</math> In evaluating this integral, use the unit circle {{math|1={{abs|''z''}} = 1}} as a contour, parametrized by {{math|1=''z''(''t'') = ''e<sup>it</sup>''}}, with {{math|''t'' β [0, 2Ο]}}, then {{math|1={{sfrac|''dz''|''dt''}} = ''ie<sup>it</sup>''}} and <math display=block>\oint_C \frac{1}{z}\,dz = \int_0^{2\pi} \frac{1}{e^{it}} ie^{it}\,dt = i\int_0^{2\pi} 1 \, dt = i \, t\Big|_0^{2\pi} = \left(2\pi-0\right)i = 2\pi i</math> which is the value of the integral. This result only applies to the case in which z is raised to power of -1. If the power is not equal to -1, then the result will always be zero.
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