Editing DVB (section)

==Adoption==
[[Image:Digital broadcast standards.svg|thumb|400px|right|DTT broadcasting systems.]]
DVB-S and DVB-C were ratified in 1994. DVB-T was ratified in early 1997. The first commercial DVB-T broadcasts were performed by the [[United Kingdom]]'s [[Digital TV Group]] in late 1998. In 2003 [[Berlin]], Germany was the first area to completely stop broadcasting analogue TV signals. Most European countries are fully covered by digital television and many have switched off [[PAL]]/[[SECAM]] services.

DVB standards are used throughout Europe, as well as in Australia, South Africa and India. They are also used for cable and satellite broadcasting in most Asian, African and many South American countries. Some have chosen ISDB-T instead of DVB-T and a few (United States, Canada, Mexico and South Korea) have chosen ATSC instead of DVB-T.

===Africa===
====Kenya====
DVB-T broadcasts were launched by the [[President of Kenya]], [[Mwai Kibaki]] on 9 December 2009. Broadcasts are using [[H.264/MPEG-4 AVC|H.264]], with the [[University of Nairobi]] supplying the decoders. [[Kenya]] has also been broadcasting DVB-H since July 2009, available on selected [[Nokia]] and [[ZTE]] handsets on the [[Safaricom]] and other GSM networks.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nation.co.ke/News/-/1056/819994/-/vnlh64/-/ |title=Digital TV a reality in Kenya |publisher=Nation Media |access-date=2009-12-09}}</ref>

====Madagascar====
Since 2011, the pay TV operator Blueline<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.blueline.mg|title=Blueline Madagascar|website=www.blueline.mg|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref> launched a DVB-T service branded BluelineTV.<ref>[http://www.blueline.mg/tv BluelineTV]</ref> It supplies both smart cards and set-top-boxes.

====South Africa====
Since 1995, the pay TV operator [[DStv]] used the DVB-S standard to broadcast its services. In 2010, it started a DVB over IP service, and in 2011 it started DStv mobile using the DVB-H standard.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.multichoice.co.za/multichoice/content/en/page44122 | title=The MultiChoice Group | date=2 March 2023 }}</ref>

In late 2010, the South African cabinet endorsed a decision by a [[Southern African Development Community]] (SADC) task team to adopt the DVB-T2 standard.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fin24.com/Economy/SA-to-adopt-European-TV-standard-report-20110104 |title=SA to adopt European TV standard: report |publisher=24.com |access-date=2011-01-18}}</ref>

===Asia===
====Hong Kong====
In Hong Kong, several cable TV operators such as [[TVB Pay Vision]] and [[Cable TV Hong Kong|Cable TV]] have already started using DVB-S or DVB-C. The government however has adopted the [[DMB-T/H]] standard, developed in [[mainland China]], for its digital terrestrial broadcasting services which has started since 31 December 2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaltv.gov.hk/general/news_26112007.htm|title=Digital TV|website=www.digitaltv.gov.hk|access-date=1 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721092023/http://www.digitaltv.gov.hk/general/news_26112007.htm|archive-date=21 July 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>

====Iran====
On 17 March 2009, DVB-H and DVB-T H.264/AAC broadcasting started in [[Tehran]] by the [[Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting|IRIB]]. DVB-T broadcasting is now widely available in other cities such as [[Isfahan]], [[Mashhad]], [[Shiraz]], [[Qom]], [[Tabriz]] and [[Rasht]] as well.

====Israel====
DVB-T broadcasts using [[H.264/MPEG-4 AVC|H.264]] commenced in Israel on 1 June 2009 with the broadcast trial and the full broadcast began on 2 August 2009. Analog broadcasts were originally planned to end in 18 months after the launch, but analog broadcasts were switched off on 31 March 2011 instead.

During 2010, DVB-T broadcasts have become widely available in most of Israel and an EPG was added to the broadcasts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dvb.org/about_dvb/dvb_worldwide/israel/index.xml|title=About - DVB|website=www.dvb.org|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref>

====Japan====
With the exception of [[SKY PerfecTV!]], Japan uses different formats in all areas ([[Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting|ISDB]]), which are however quite similar to their DVB counterparts. SkyPerfect is a satellite provider using DVB on its 124 and 128 degrees east satellites. Its satellite at 110 degrees east does not use DVB, however.

====Malaysia====
In Malaysia, a new pay television station [[MiTV]] began service in September 2005 using [[DVB-IPTV]] technology while lone satellite programming provider [[Astro (satellite TV)|ASTRO]] has been transmitting in DVB-S since its inception in 1996. Free-to-air DVB-T trials began in late 2006 with a simulcast of both TV1 and TV2 plus a new channel called RTM3/RTMi. In April 2007, RTM announced that the outcome of the test was favourable and that it expected DVB-T to go public by the end of 2007. However, the system did not go public as planned. As of 2008, the trial digital line-up has expanded to include a music television channel called [[Muzik Aktif]], and a sports channel called Arena, with a news channel called Berita Aktif planned for inclusion in the extended trials soon. Also, high definition trials were performed during the Beijing Olympics and the outcome was also favourable. It was announced that the system would go public in 2009.

In 2009, MiTV closed down, changed its name to U-Television and announced that it was changing to scrambled DVB-T upon relaunch instead of the [[DVB-IPTV]] system used prior to shutting down. However, RTM's digital network again did not go public, although around this time TVs that are first-generation DVB-T capable went on sale. The government has since announced that they will be deploying DVB-T2 instead in stages starting in mid-2015 and analog shutoff has been delayed to April 2019.

====Philippines====
In the Philippines, [[DVB-S]] and [[DVB-S2]] are the two broadcast standards currently used by satellite companies, while [[DVB-C]] is also used by some cable companies. The government adopted [[DVB-T]] in November 2006 for digital terrestrial broadcasting but a year later, it considered other standards to replace DVB-T. The country has chosen the [[ISDB-T]] system instead of [[DVB-T]].

====Taiwan====
{{Update|section|date=May 2016}}
In Taiwan, some digital cable television systems use DVB-C, though most customers still use analogue NTSC cable television. The government planned adopting ATSC or the Japanese ISDB-T standard as NTSC's replacement. However, the country has chosen the European DVB-T system instead. Public Television Service (PTS) and Formosan TV provide high definition television. The former has the channel HiHD; the latter uses its HD channel for broadcasting MLB baseball.

===Europe===
{{Update|European countries that use DVB but are not in this list|January 1018|date=January 2018}}

====Cyprus====
[[Cyprus]] uses DVB-T with MPEG-4 encoding. Analogue transmission stopped on 1 July 2011 for all channels except [[CyBC|CyBC 1]].

====Denmark====
In Denmark, DVB-T replaced the analog transmission system for TV on 1 November 2009. Danish national digital TV transmission has been outsourced to the company Boxer TV A/S,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.boxertv.dk|title=Fleksible tv-pakker og bredbånd hos Boxer - Tv-udbyder med valgfrihed|website=www.boxertv.dk|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref> acting as gatekeeper organization for terrestrial TV transmission in Denmark.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kum.dk/graphics/kum/downloads/Pressemeddelelser/Pressemeddelelse+fra+N%25E6vnet+UK.pdf|title=Kulturministeriets hjemmeside|website=www.kum.dk|access-date=1 April 2018}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kum.dk/sw69161.asp|title=Kulturministeriets hjemmeside|website=www.kum.dk|access-date=1 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091008071354/http://www.kum.dk/sw69161.asp|archive-date=8 October 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref> However, there are still several free channels from [[DR (broadcaster)|DR]].

====Finland====
{{See also|Television in Finland}}
DVB-T transmissions were launched on 21 August 2001. The analogue networks continued alongside the digital ones until 1 September 2007, when they were shut down nationwide. Before the analogue switchoff, the terrestrial network had three multiplexes: MUX A, MUX B and MUX C. MUX A contained the channels of the public broadcaster [[Yleisradio]] and MUX B was shared between the two commercial broadcasters: [[MTV3]] and [[Nelonen (television)|Nelonen]]. MUX C contained channels of various other broadcasters. After the analogue closedown, a fourth multiplex named MUX E was launched. All of the [[Yleisradio]] (YLE) channels are broadcast free-to-air, likewise a handful of commercial ones including [[MTV3]], [[Nelonen (television)|Nelonen]], [[Subtv]], [[Jim (TV channel)|Jim]], [[Nelonen Sport]], [[Liv (TV channel)|Liv]], [[FOX (Finland)|FOX]], [[TV Viisi|TV5]] [[Finland]], [[AVA (TV channel)|AVA]] and [[The Voice TV Finland|Kutonen]]. There are also several pay channels sold by [[PlusTV]].

====Italy====
{{See also|Television in Italy}}
In Italy, DVB-S started in 1996 and the final analogue broadcasts were terminated in 2005. The switch-off from analogue terrestrial network to DVB-T started on 15 October 2008. Analogue broadcast was ended on 4 July 2012 after nearly four years of transition in phases.

====Netherlands====
In the Netherlands, DVB-S broadcasting started on 1 July 1996, satellite provider MultiChoice (now [[CanalDigitaal]]) switched off the analogue service shortly after on 18 August 1996. DVB-T broadcasting started April 2003, and terrestrial analog broadcasting was switched off December 2006. It was initially marketed by [[Digitenne]] but later by [[KPN]]. Multiplex 1 contains the [[NPO 1]], [[NPO 2]] and [[NPO 3]] national TV channels, and a regional channel. Multiplexes 2~5 have the other encrypted commercial and international channels. Multiplex 1 also broadcasts the radio channels Radio 1, Radio 2, 3 FM, Radio 4, Radio 5, Radio 6, Concertzender, FunX and also a regional channel. As of June 2011, the Dutch DVB-T service had 29 TV channels and 20 radio channels (including free to air channels). DVB-T2 will be introduced during 2019/2020.

====Norway====
In Norway, DVB-T broadcasting is marketed under RiksTV (encrypted pay channels) and [[NRK]] (unencrypted public channels). DVB-T broadcasting via the terrestrial network began in November 2007, and has subsequently been rolled out one part of the country at a time. The Norwegian implementation of DVB-T is different from most others, as it uses [[H.264]] with [[HE-AAC]] audio encoding, while most other countries have adapted the less recent [[MPEG-2]] standard. Notably most DVB software for PC has problems with this, though in late 2007 compatible software was released, like [[DVBViewer]] using the [[Advanced Audio Coding#FAAC and FAAD2|libfaad2]] library. [[Sony]] has released several HDTVs (Bravia W3000, X3000, X3500, E4000, V4500, W4000, W4500, X4500) that support Norway's DVB-T implementation without use of a separate [[set-top box]], and Sagem ITD91 HD, Grundig DTR 8720 STBs are others.

====Poland====
Currently, Poland uses the DVB-T2 standard with HEVC encoding. Analogue broadcast switch-off started on 7 November 2012 and was completed on 23 July 2013.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://mac.gov.pl/naziemna-telewizja-cyfrowa/ |title=General information about the digital broadcasting system in Poland |work=Ministerstwo Administracji i Cyfryzacji |publisher=Ministry of Administration and Digitalization of Poland |access-date=2013-08-13}}</ref>

====Portugal====
Portugal follows the DVB-T implementation, using H.264 with AAC audio encoding. It has been live since 29 April 2009 and the switch-off date for all analog signals was on 26 April 2012.

====Romania====
Romania started digital terrestrial broadcasting in 2005 but it was virtually unknown by many people in Romania due to the lack of content, cable TV and satellite TV being far more popular, however it was the first platform to deliver HD content. Today, Romania is using DVB-T2 as terrestrial standard,  but also DVB-S/S2, and DVB-C which is extremely popular. The only analogue broadcast remains on cable. Romania adopted the DVB-T2 standard in 2016 after a series of tests with mpeg2, mpeg4 on DVB-T, and has today fully implemented DVB-T2. DVB-C, which was introduced in late 2005, still remains with mpeg2 on SD content and mpeg4 on HD content. DVB-S (introduced in 2004 focus sat being the first such platform) is used in basic packages with standard definition content, while DVB-S2 set top boxes are provided for both SD and HD content.

====Russia====
Fully switched to digital in 2019, Russia uses the DVB-T2 standard for broadcasting 2 channel packs with about ten main national radio and TV channels ([[Channel One (Russia)|Channel One]], [[Rossiya 1]]/2/K/24, [[NTV (Russia)|NTV]], [[Radio Mayak]], [[Radio Rossii]] etc.

====Spain====
[[Quiero Television|Quiero TV]] started digital terrestrial broadcasting in 2000 as [[pay television]]. The platform closed three years later after gaining 200,000 subscribers. The frequencies used by Quiero TV were used from 2005 to simulcast [[free-to-air]] analogue broadcast as DVB-T, under the name "TDT". The service started with 20 free-to-air national TV channels as well as numerous regional and local channels. Analogue broadcast ended on 2010 after getting 100% digital coverage. Some of the analogue frequencies were used to increase the number of channels and simulcast some of them in HD. Since February 14, 2024, all channels will be required to broadcast exclusively in HD. Frequencies of SD channels will be used to simulcast some of them in 4K using DVB-T2.

====United Kingdom====
{{See also|Digital terrestrial television in the United Kingdom}}
In the UK DVB-T has been adopted for broadcast of standard definition terrestrial programming, as well as a single DVB-T2 multiplex for high-definition programming. The UK terminated all analogue terrestrial broadcasts by the end of 2012. The vast majority of channels are available [[free-to-air]] through the [[Freeview (UK)|Freeview]] service. DVB-T was also used for the now-defunct [[ITV Digital|ONDigital/ITV Digital]] and [[Top Up TV]] service.

All satellite programming (some of which is available free-to-air via [[Freesat]] or [[free-to-view]] via [[Freesat from Sky]]; the remainder requires a subscription to [[Sky (UK and Ireland)|Sky]]), is broadcast using either DVB-S or DVB-S2.

Subscription-based cable television from [[Virgin Media]] uses DVB-C.

===North America===
In [[North America]], [[DVB-S]] is often used in encoding and [[video compression]] of digital satellite communications alongside [[Hughes DSS]]. Unlike [[Motorola]]'s [[DigiCipher 2]] standard, DVB has a wider adoption in terms of the number of manufacturers of receivers. Terrestrial digital television broadcasts in Canada, Mexico, El Salvador, Honduras, and the United States use ATSC encoding with [[8VSB]] modulation instead of DVB-T with [[COFDM]].  Television newsgathering links from mobile vans to central receive points (often on mountaintops or tall buildings) use DVB-T with COFDM in the 2&nbsp;GHz frequency band.

===Oceania===
====Australia====
In Australia, DVB broadcasting is marketed under the [[Freeview (Australia)|Freeview]] brand name, and more recently 'Freeview Plus', denoting the integration of online [[HbbTV]] and EPG in certain DVB devices. Regular broadcasts began in January 2001 using MPEG 2 video and MPEG 1 audio{{clarification needed|date=March 2023|reason=MPEG 1 could mean MP2 or MP3, 2 different standars}} in SD and HD.

Changes to broadcasting rules have enabled broadcasters to offer multi-channeling, prompting broadcasters to use H.264 video with MPEG 1{{clarification needed|date=March 2023|reason=MPEG 1 could mean MP2 or MP3, 2 different standars}} or AAC audio encoding for some secondary channels.

Specifications for HD channels now differ depending on the broadcaster. ABC, Nine and Ten use 1920x1080i MPEG 4 video with [[Dolby Digital]] audio. Seven and SBS use 1440x1080i MPEG 2 video with Dolby Digital and MPEG 1 {{clarification needed|date=March 2023|reason=MPEG 1 could mean MP2 or MP3, 2 different standars}} respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://about.abc.net.au/press-releases/abc-is-changing-to-hd/ |title=ABC HD is now live |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation |access-date=27 December 2016}}</ref>

====New Zealand====
In New Zealand, DVB broadcasting is marketed under the [[Freeview (New Zealand)|Freeview]] brand name. SD [[MPEG-2]] DVB-S broadcasts via satellite began on 2 May 2007 and DVB-T (terrestrial) broadcasts began April 2008 broadcasting in HD H.264 video with HE-AAC audio.

===South America===
====Colombia====
Since 2008, [[Colombia]] has adopted as a public policy the decision to migrate from the analog television implemented in 1954 to [[Digital terrestrial television|Digital Terrestrial Television]] ([[DVB-T2]]). This measure allows the viewers access to the open television ([[Terrestrial television|OTA]]) of public and private channels, with video quality in [[High-definition television|HD]]. As planned, analogue television broadcasts will end in 2021.