Editing Denial-of-service attack (section)

===Advanced persistent DoS===
An '''advanced persistent DoS''' (APDoS) is associated with an [[advanced persistent threat]] and requires specialized [[DDoS mitigation]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Cyberwarfare Sourcebook|last=Kiyuna and Conyers|year=2015|publisher=Lulu.com |isbn=978-1329063945}}</ref> These attacks can persist for weeks; the longest continuous period noted so far lasted 38 days. This attack involved approximately 50+ petabits (50,000+ terabits) of malicious traffic.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Ilascu |first1=Ionut |title=38-Day Long DDoS Siege Amounts to Over 50 Petabits in Bad Traffic |url=https://news.softpedia.com/news/38-Day-Long-DDoS-Siege-Amounts-to-Over-50-Petabits-in-Bad-Traffic-455722.shtml |access-date=29 July 2018 |agency=Softpedia News |date=Aug 21, 2014}}</ref> Attackers in this scenario may tactically switch between several targets to create a diversion to evade defensive DDoS countermeasures but all the while eventually concentrating the main thrust of the attack onto a single victim. In this scenario, attackers with continuous access to several very powerful network resources are capable of sustaining a prolonged campaign generating enormous levels of unamplified DDoS traffic. APDoS attacks are characterized by:
* advanced reconnaissance (pre-attack [[open-source intelligence|OSINT]] and extensive decoyed scanning crafted to evade detection over long periods)
* tactical execution (attack with both primary and secondary victims but the focus is on primary)
* explicit motivation (a calculated end game/goal target)
* large computing capacity (access to substantial computer power and network bandwidth)
* simultaneous multi-threaded OSI layer attacks (sophisticated tools operating at layers 3 through 7)
* persistence over extended periods (combining all the above into a concerted, well-managed attack across a range of targets).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scmagazineuk.com/video-games-company-hit-by-38-day-ddos-attack/article/367329/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170201181833/https://www.scmagazineuk.com/video-games-company-hit-by-38-day-ddos-attack/article/541275/|archive-date=2017-02-01|title=Video games company hit by 38-day DDoS attack|last=Gold|first=Steve|date=21 August 2014|work=SC Magazine UK|access-date=4 February 2016}}</ref>