Editing East Village, Manhattan (section)

====Initial rebranding====
Until the mid-20th century the area was simply the northern part of the Lower East Side, with a similar culture of immigrant, working-class life. In the 1950s and 1960s the migration of [[Beatnik]]s into the neighborhood later attracted hippies, musicians, writers, and artists who had been priced out of the rapidly gentrifying [[Greenwich Village]].<ref name="EV" />{{sfn|Brazee et al.|2012|p=35}}<ref name="Miller 1990">{{cite book | last=Miller | first=Terry | title=Greenwich Village and how it got that way | publisher=Crown Publishers | year=1990 | isbn=978-0-517-57322-8 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0sZ4AAAAMAAJ | access-date=October 2, 2019 }}</ref>{{rp|254}} Among the first displaced Greenwich Villagers to move to the area were writers [[Allen Ginsberg]], [[W. H. Auden]], and [[Norman Mailer]], who all moved to the area in 1951–1953.<ref name="Miller 1990" />{{rp|258}}

A cluster of cooperative art galleries on East 10th Street (later collectively referred to as the [[10th Street galleries]]) were opened around the same time, starting with the Tanger and the Hansa which both opened in 1952.{{sfn|Brazee et al.|2012|p=35}}<ref>{{cite web | title=Art: Remember the 50s on 10th St.? |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 | date=December 23, 1977 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/12/23/archives/art-remember-the-50s-on-10th-st.html | access-date=October 2, 2019}}</ref> Further change came in 1955 when the [[IRT Third Avenue Line|Third Avenue elevated railway]] above the Bowery and Third Avenue was removed.{{sfn|Brazee et al.|2012|p=35}}<ref>{{cite web |first=Ralph |last=Katz | title=Last Train Rumbles On Third Ave. 'El' |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 | date=May 13, 1955 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1955/05/13/archives/last-train-rumbles-on-third-ave-el-an-era-ends-with-final-run-of.html | access-date=October 2, 2019}}</ref> This in turn made the neighborhood more attractive to potential residents; in 1960 ''The New York Times'' reported: "This area is gradually becoming recognized as an extension of Greenwich Village{{nbs}}... thereby extending New York's Bohemia from river to river."{{sfn|Brazee et al.|2012|p=35}}<ref name="The New York Times 1960">{{cite web | title='Village' Spills Across 3d Ave |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331 | date=February 7, 1960 | url=https://www.nytimes.com/1960/02/07/archives/village-spills-across-3d-ave-demolition-of-el-opened-the-way-for.html | access-date=October 2, 2019}}</ref>

The 1960 ''Times'' article stated that rental agents were increasingly referring to the area as "Village East" or "East Village".<ref name="The New York Times 1960" /> The new name was used to dissociate the area from the image of slums evoked by the Lower East Side. According to ''The New York Times'', a 1964 guide called ''Earl Wilson's New York'' wrote: "Artists, poets and promoters of coffeehouses from Greenwich Village are trying to remelt the neighborhood under the high-sounding name of 'East Village'."<ref name="EV" /> Newcomers and real estate brokers popularized the new name, and the term was adopted by the popular media by the mid-1960s.<ref name="Mele 2000">{{cite book | last=Mele | first=Christopher | title=Selling the Lower East Side: Culture, Real Estate, and Resistance in New York City | publisher=University of Minnesota Press | series=G – Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series | year=2000 | isbn=978-0-8166-3182-7 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sewf0r5An-wC | access-date=October 2, 2019 }}</ref>{{rp|ch. 5}} A weekly newspaper with the neighborhood's new name, ''[[The East Village Other]]'', started publication in 1966. ''The New York Times'' declared that the neighborhood "had come to be known" as the East Village in the edition of June 5, 1967.<ref name="EV" />