Editing Elijah Muhammad (section)

==Controversies==
===Rift with Ernest 2X McGee===
[[Hamaas Abdul Khaalis|Ernest 2X McGee]] was the first national secretary of the NOI and had been ousted in the late 1950s.<ref name="Evanzz2001">{{cite book|last1=Evanzz|first1=Karl|title=The Messenger: The Rise and Fall of Elijah Muhammad was a greatleader|year=2001|publisher=Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group|isbn=978-0679774068|pages=380–83}}</ref> McGee went on to form a Sunni Muslim sect and changed his name to [[Hamaas Abdul Khaalis]]. Khaalis attracted [[Lew Alcindor]], whom Khaalis renamed [[Kareem Abdul-Jabbar]].  Jabbar donated [[7700 16th Street|a house]] for use as the Hanafi Madh-Hab Center. Khaalis sent letters that were critical of Muhammad and Fard to Muhammad, his ministers, and the media.<ref name="Evanzz2001"/>

The letters stated blacks had been better off "from a psychological point of view" before Fard 
came along because it weaned them from Christianity to a fabricated form of Islam. Both, in his opinion, were bad.<ref name="Evanzz2001"/> His letters also revealed what he knew of Fard, alleging he was John Walker of [[Gary, Indiana|Gary]] who had come to America at 27 from Greece, had served prison time for stealing, and raping a 17-year-old girl, and had died in [[Chicago, Illinois]], at 78.<ref name="Evanzz2001"/>

After the letters were sent, [[1973 Hanafi Muslim massacre|seven of Khaalis' family members were murdered]] at the Hanafi Madh-Hab Center. Four men from NOI [[Mosque No. 12]] were accused of the crime.<ref name=Smothers1974>{{cite web|last1=Smothers|first1=David|title=Black Muslims The Faces Belie the Aura of Menace|url=http://archives.chicagotribune.com/1974/07/21/page/45/article/the-facts-belie-the-aura-of-menace|website=Chicago Tribune|access-date=March 12, 2017|date=July 21, 1974}}</ref>

===Rift with Malcolm X===
====Malcolm X's public response to the assassination of President Kennedy====
On December{{nbsp}}1, 1963, when asked for a comment about the [[John F. Kennedy assassination|assassination of President John F. Kennedy]], [[Malcolm X]] said that it was a case of "[[wikt:come home to roost|chickens coming home to roost]]". He added that "chickens coming home to roost never did make me sad; they've always made me glad."<ref name="Times63-12-02">{{cite web |title=Malcolm X Scores U.S. and Kennedy |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1963/12/02/archives/malcolm-x-scores-us-and-kennedy-likens-slaying-to-chickens-coming.html |work=The New York Times |page=21 |date=December 2, 1963 |access-date=October 2, 2014 |url-access=subscription  }}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote, "in further criticism of Mr. Kennedy, the Muslim leader cited the murders of [[Patrice Lumumba]], Congo leader, of [[Medgar Evers]], civil rights leader, and of the [[16th Street Baptist Church bombing|Negro girls bombed]] earlier this year in a [[Birmingham, Alabama]], church. These, he said, were instances of other 'chickens coming home to roost'."<ref name="Times63-12-02"/> The remarks prompted a widespread public outcry. The Nation of Islam, which had sent a message of condolence to the Kennedy family and ordered its ministers not to comment on the assassination, publicly censured their former shining star.<ref name=Natambu2002>{{cite book |last=Natambu |first=Kofi |title=The Life and Work of Malcolm X |year=2002 |publisher=Alpha Books |location=Indianapolis |isbn=978-0-02-864218-5 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/lifeworkofmalcol0000nata/page/288 288–90] |url=https://archive.org/details/lifeworkofmalcol0000nata/page/288 }}</ref> Malcolm{{nbsp}}X retained his post and rank as minister, but was prohibited from public speaking for 90 days.<ref name=Perry242>Perry, p.{{nbsp}}242.</ref>

====Rape of underage girls====
Rumors were circulating that Elijah was conducting extramarital affairs with young Nation secretaries{{mdashb}}which would constitute a serious violation of Nation teachings. After first discounting the rumors, Malcolm{{nbsp}}X came to believe them after he spoke with Muhammad's son [[Warith Deen Mohammed|Wallace]] and with the girls making the accusations. Muhammad confirmed the rumors in 1963, attempting to justify his behavior by referring to precedents set by Biblical prophets.<ref>{{harvnb|Perry|1991|pp=230–234}}.</ref><ref name=Perry1991>{{cite book|last=Perry|first=Bruce|url=https://archive.org/details/malcolmlifeofman00perr/page/230|title=Malcolm: The Life of a Man Who Changed Black America|publisher=Station Hill|year=1991|isbn=978-0-88268-103-0|location=Barrytown, N.Y.|pages=[https://archive.org/details/malcolmlifeofman00perr/page/230 230–34]}}</ref> Over a series of national TV interviews between 1964 and 1965, Malcolm{{nbsp}}X provided testimony of his investigation, corroboration, and confirmation by Elijah Muhammed himself of multiple counts of child rape. 

During this investigation, Malcolm X learned that seven of the eight girls had become pregnant by Elijah Muhammed, and publicly shared the information.<ref name=LostTapes>{{Cite web|title=The Lost Tapes: Malcolm X. Malcolm X's Explosive Comments About Elijah Muhammed |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/videos/malcolm-xs-explosive-comments-about-elijah-mu/ |access-date=February 26, 2023 |website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en}}</ref> Malcolm X also spoke of an attempt made to assassinate him, by means of an explosive device discovered in his car, and of death threats he was receiving, which he believed were in response to his exposure of Elijah Muhammad.<ref name="youtube-interview-malcomx">{{cite web 
 | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oBDzhG3qsIM | title = Malcolm&nbsp;X Exposes Elijah Muhammad | website = [[YouTube]] | date = February 2, 2019 | access-date = August 24, 2022}}</ref>

====Final schism and murder of Malcolm X====
The extramarital affairs, the suspension, and [[Malcolm X#Disillusionment and departure|other factors]] caused a rift between the two men, with Malcolm{{nbsp}}X leaving the Nation of Islam in March 1964 to form his own religious organization, [[Muslim Mosque Inc.]]<ref name=Perry251>Perry, pp.{{nbsp}}251–52.</ref> After dealing with death threats and attempts on his life for a year,<ref>
* {{cite book |last=Carson |first=Clayborne |author-link=Clayborne Carson |title=Malcolm X: The FBI File |year=1991 |publisher=Carroll & Graf |location=New York |isbn=978-0-88184-758-1 |page=473 }}
* {{cite book |last=Evanzz |first=Karl |title=The Judas Factor: The Plot to Kill Malcolm X |year=1992 |publisher=Thunder's Mouth Press |location=New York |isbn=978-1-56025-049-4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/judasfactorpl00evan/page/248 248, 264] |url=https://archive.org/details/judasfactorpl00evan/page/248 }}
* {{cite book |last=Karim |first=Benjamin |others=with Peter Skutches and David Gallen |title=Remembering Malcolm |year=1992 |publisher=Carroll & Graf |location=New York |isbn=978-0-88184-881-6 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/rememberingmalco00kari/page/159 159–60] |url=https://archive.org/details/rememberingmalco00kari/page/159 }}
* {{cite book |last=Kondo |first=Zak A. |title={{sic|hide=y|Conspiracys}}: <!-- Yes, it's misspelled, but that's the title of the book --> Unravelling the Assassination of Malcolm X |year=1993 |publisher=Nubia Press |location=Washington, D.C. |oclc=28837295 |page=170 }}
</ref>  Malcolm{{nbsp}}X [[Assassination of Malcolm X| was assassinated]] on February{{nbsp}}21, 1965.<ref name=Manning1965>
* {{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1965/02/22/archives/malcolm-x-shot-to-death-at-rally-here-three-other-negroes-wounded.html |title=Malcolm X Shot to Death at Rally Here |access-date=October 2, 2014 |last=Kihss |first=Peter |date=February 22, 1965 |work=The New York Times |url-access=subscription  }}
* {{cite book |last=Marable |first=Manning |author-link=Manning Marable |title=[[Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention]] |location=New York |publisher=Viking |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-670-02220-5 |pages=436–37 }}
* Perry, p.{{nbsp}}366.
</ref> Many people suspected that the Nation of Islam was responsible for the killing of Malcolm X. Five days after Malcolm X was murdered, in a public speech at the Nation of Islam's annual [[Saviours' Day]] on February 26, Elijah justified the assassination by quoting that "Malcolm got just what he preached", but at the same time denied any involvement with the murder by asserting in the same speech: "We didn't want to kill Malcolm and didn't try to kill him. We know such ignorant, foolish teaching would bring him to his own end."<ref name=Evanzz301>Evanzz, p.{{nbsp}}301. "Malcolm{{nbsp}}X got just what he preached", Elijah Muhammad said self-assuredly.</ref><ref name=Clegg1997>{{cite book |last=Clegg III |first=Claude Andrew |author-link=Claude Clegg |title=An Original Man: The Life and Times of Elijah Muhammad |year=1997 |publisher=St. Martin's Griffin |location=New York |isbn=978-0-312-18153-6 |page=[https://archive.org/details/originalmanlifet0000cleg/page/232 232] |quote='We didn't want to kill Malcolm and didn't try to kill him,' he explained. 'We know such ignorant, foolish teachings would bring him to his own end.' |url=https://archive.org/details/originalmanlifet0000cleg/page/232 }}</ref>

===Cooperation with white supremacists===
Elijah's pro-separation views were compatible with those of some [[white supremacist]] organizations in the 1960s.<ref name=Berg2009>Malcolm X, ''February 1965, The Final Speeches'', Pathfinder Press, 1992, pp. 146–147; Herbert Berg, ''Elijah Muhammad and Islam'', NYU Press, 2009, p. 41.</ref> He met with leaders of the [[Ku Klux Klan]] (KKK) in 1961 to work toward the purchase of farmland in the [[Deep South]].<ref name=Manning1997>Evanzz, Karl, ''The Judas Factor, The Plot to Kill Malcolm X'', pp. 205–206, Thunder's Mouth Press, NY, 1992; Marable, Manning, [https://freepress.org/Backup/UnixBackup/pubhtml/manning/racism-1.html Along the Color Line] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180924/https://freepress.org/Backup/UnixBackup/pubhtml/manning/racism-1.html |date=March 3, 2016 }}, reprinted in the Columbus Free Press, January 17, 1997.</ref> For more than ten years Elijah received major financial support from white supremacist Texas oil baron [[H. L. Hunt]] due to Elijah's belief in racial separation from whites. The money helped Elijah to acquire opulent homes for himself and his family and establish overseas bank accounts.<ref>''[[Washington Post]]'', May 6, 1967, p. E-15, July 2, 1967, January 30, 1975, p. B7; [[Hakim Jamal]], ''From the Dead Level'', pp. 247–48; [[Louis Lomax]] ''To Kill a Black Man'', pp. 108–09; Karl Evanzz, ''The Judas Factor'', pp. 284–86, ''The Messenger'', p. 303.</ref>

He eventually established Temple Farms, now [[Muhammad Farms]], on a {{convert|5,000|acre|km2|adj=on}} tract in [[Terrell County, Georgia]].<ref>Rolinson, Mary, [https://books.google.com/books?id=TjiezD52cZoC&dq=muhammad+farms%2C+terrell&pg=PA193 Grassroots Garveyism], p. 193, UNC Press Books, 2007.</ref> [[George Lincoln Rockwell]], founder of the [[American Nazi Party]], once called Elijah "the [[Hitler]] of the black man."<ref name=Time1975>[https://web.archive.org/web/20110629021927/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,917218-1,00.html "The Messenger Passes"], ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', March 10, 1975.</ref> At the 1962 [[Saviours' Day]] celebration in Chicago, Rockwell addressed [[Nation of Islam]] members.  Many in the audience booed and heckled him and his men, for which Elijah rebuked them in the April 1962 issue of ''Muhammad Speaks''.<ref>''The Messenger, The Rise and Fall of Elijah Muhammad'', pp. 241–242, Vintage Books, NY 2001. {{cite web|url=http://www.anthonyflood.com/rockwellelijah.htm|title=George Lincoln Rockwell Meets Elijah Muhammad|work=anthonyflood.com}}</ref>