Editing Expectancy theory (section)

===Computer users===
Lori Baker-Eveleth and Robert Stone, [[University of Idaho]] in 2008 conducted an [[empirical]] study on 154 faculty members' reactions to the use of new software.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Baker-Eveleth |first1=L. |last2=Stone |first2=R.W.|year=2008 |title=Expectancy theory and behavioral intentions to use computer applications |journal=Interdisciplinary Journal of Information}}</ref> It was found that ease of system use affects both [[self-efficacy]] (self-confidence) and anticipated usefulness. These in turn influenced the decision, or anticipated decision, to use the software.

Self-efficacy and outcome expectancy impact a person's affect and behavior separately:
* Self-efficacy is the belief that a person possesses the skills and abilities to successfully accomplish something.
* Outcome expectancy is the belief that when a person accomplishes the task, a desired outcome is attained.

Self-efficacy has a direct impact on outcome expectancy and has a larger effect than outcome expectancy. Employees will accept [[technology]] if they believe the technology is a benefit to them. If an employee is mandated to use the technology, the employees will use it but may feel it is not useful. On the other hand, when an employee is not mandated, the employee may be influenced by these other factors (self-confidence and confidence in outcome) that it should be used.

The self-efficacy theory can be applied to predicting and perceiving an employee's belief for computer use.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bandura |first=A. |year=1986 |title=Social foundation of thought and action: A social cognitive theory |location=New Jersey |publisher=Prentice-Hall}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | last1=Bates | first1=Reid | last2=Khasawneh | first2=Samer | title=Self-efficacy and college students' perceptions and use of online learning systems | journal=Computers in Human Behavior | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=23 | issue=1 | year=2007 | issn=0747-5632 | doi=10.1016/j.chb.2004.04.004 | pages=175–191}}</ref> This theory associates an individual's cognitive state with effective behavioral outcomes.<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Staples | first1=D. Sandy | last2=Hulland | first2=John S. | last3=Higgins | first3=Christopher A. | title=A Self-Efficacy Theory Explanation for the Management of Remote Workers in Virtual Organizations | journal=Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication | publisher=Oxford University Press | volume=3 | issue=4 | date=1 June 1998 | issn=1083-6101 | doi=10.1111/j.1083-6101.1998.tb00085.x |doi-access=free }}</ref>

Other constructs of the self-efficacy theory that impact attitudes and intentions to perform are:
* past experience or [[Skill|mastery]] with the task;
* vicarious experience performing the task;
* emotional or physiological arousal regarding the task;
* social persuasion to perform the task