Editing Gdańsk (section)

===Pomeranian Poland===
[[File: Hala Targowa w Gdańsku podziemia.jpg|thumb|Excavated remains of 12th-century buildings in Gdańsk]]

The site was ruled as a [[Duke|duchy]] of Poland by the [[Samborides]]. It consisted of a settlement at the modern Long Market, settlements of craftsmen along the Old Ditch, German merchant settlements around [[Basilica of St. Nicholas, Gdańsk|St Nicholas' Church]] and the old Piast stronghold.<ref name=Hess40>{{cite book |title=Danziger Wohnkultur in der frühen Neuzeit |first=Corina |last=Hess |publisher=LIT Verlag |location=Berlin-Hamburg-Münster |year=2007 |isbn=978-3-8258-8711-7 |page=40}}</ref> In 1215, the ducal stronghold became the centre of a [[Pomeranian duchies and dukes#Duchy of Pomerelia|Pomerelian splinter duchy]]. At that time the area of the later city included various villages.

In 1224/25, merchants from [[Lübeck]] were invited as ''hospites'' (immigrants with specific privileges) but were soon (in 1238) forced to leave by [[Świętopełk II, Duke of Pomerania|Świętopełk II]] of the Samborides during a war between Świętopełk and the [[Teutonic Order]], during which Lübeck supported the latter. Migration of merchants to the town resumed in 1257.<ref name="zbierski">{{cite book |title=Struktura zawodowa, spoleczna i etnicza ludnosci. In Historia Gdanska, Vol. 1 |publisher=Wydawnictwo Morskie |author=Zbierski, Andrzej |year=1978 |pages=228–9 |isbn=978-83-86557-00-4}}</ref> Significant German influence did not reappear until the 14th century, after the takeover of the city by the Teutonic Order.<ref name="turnock">{{cite book |title=The Making of Eastern Europe: From the Earliest Times to 1815 |publisher=Routledge |author=Turnock, David |year=1988 |page=180 |isbn=978-0-415-01267-6}}</ref>

At latest in 1263 [[Pomerelia]]n duke, Świętopełk II granted city rights under [[Lübeck law]] to the emerging market settlement.<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite book |title=Stadtanlage und Befestigung von Danzig (zur Zeit des Deutschen Ordens) |publisher=GRIN Verlag |author=Harlander, Christa |year=2004 |page=2 |isbn=978-3-638-75010-3}}</ref> It was an [[German town law|autonomy charter]] similar to that of Lübeck, which was also the primary origin of many settlers.<ref name=Hess40/> In a document of 1271 the [[Pomerelia]]n duke [[Mestwin II, Duke of Pomerania|Mestwin II]] addressed the Lübeck merchants settled in the city as his loyal citizens from Germany.<ref name="lingenberg">{{cite book |title=Die Anfänge des Klosters Oliva und die Entstehung der deutschen Stadt Danzig: die frühe Geschichte der beiden Gemeinwesen bis 1308/10 |publisher=Klett-Cotta |author=Lingenberg, Heinz |year=1982 |page=292 |isbn=978-3-129-14900-3}}</ref><ref>'The Slippery Memory of Men': The Place of Pomerania in the Medieval Kingdom of Poland by Paul Milliman p. 73, 2013</ref>

In 1300, the town had an estimated population of 2,000. While overall the town was far from an important trade centre at that time, it had some relevance in the trade with [[Eastern Europe]]. Low on funds, the Samborides lent the settlement to Brandenburg, although they planned to take the city back and give it to Poland. Poland threatened to intervene, and the Brandenburgians left the town. Subsequently, the city was taken by Danish princes in 1301.<ref>{{cite book |title=Danziger Wohnkultur in der frühen Neuzeit |first=Corina |last=Hess |publisher=LIT Verlag |location=Berlin-Hamburg-Münster |year=2007 |isbn=978-3-8258-8711-7 |pages=40–41}}</ref>