Editing Hashimoto's thyroiditis (section)

====PTPN22 gene====
''[[PTPN22]]'' is the most recently identified immune-regulatory gene associated with autoimmune thyroid disease. It is located on chromosome 1p13 and expressed in lymphocytes. It acts as a negative regulator of T-cell activation. [[Mutation]] in this gene is a risk factor for many autoimmune diseases. Weaker T-cell signaling may lead to impaired [[Negative selection (immunology)|thymic deletion]] of autoreactive T cells, and increased PTPN22 function may result in inhibition of regulatory T cells, which protect against autoimmunity.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Burn GL, Svensson L, Sanchez-Blanco C, Saini M, Cope AP | title = Why is PTPN22 a good candidate susceptibility gene for autoimmune disease? | journal = FEBS Letters | volume = 585 | issue = 23 | pages = 3689–3698 | date = December 2011 | pmid = 21515266 | doi = 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.04.032 | s2cid = 21572847 | doi-access = free | bibcode = 2011FEBSL.585.3689B }}</ref>