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===Permalinks=== {{Main article|Digital preservation}} [[Permalink]]s are URLs that are intended to remain unchanged for many years into the future, yielding hyperlinks that are less susceptible to [[link rot]]. Permalinks are often rendered simply, that is, as friendly URLs, so as to be easy for people to type and remember. Permalinks are used in order to [[Pointer (computer programming)#Typed pointers and casting|point]] and [[URL redirection#Meaningful, persistent aliases for long or changing URLs|redirect]] readers to the same [[Web page]], blog post or any online digital media.<ref name="techopedia.com">{{cite web | url = https://www.techopedia.com/definition/4900/permanent-link-permalink | title = Definition of Permanent Link (Permalink) | website = techopedia.com| access-date = Oct 31, 2018 | archive-date = November 1, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181101015428/https://www.techopedia.com/definition/4900/permanent-link-permalink | url-status = live }}</ref> The scientific literature is a place where link persistence is crucial to the public knowledge. A 2013 study in [[BMC Bioinformatics]] analyzed 15,000 links in abstracts from Thomson Reuters' [[Web of Science]] citation index, founding that the median lifespan of Web pages was 9.3 years, and just 62% were archived.<ref>{{cite web | first = Leighton | last = W. Kille | url = https://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/internet/website-linking-best-practices-media-online-publishers | title = The growing problem of Internet 'link rot' and best practices for media and online publishers | website = journalistsresource.org| access-date = Oct 30, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140919162322/https://journalistsresource.org/studies/society/internet/website-linking-best-practices-media-online-publishers | archive-date = September 19, 2014 | url-status = live| date = 2015-10-09 }}</ref> The median lifespan of a Web page constitutes high-degree variable, but its [[order of magnitude]] usually is of some months.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://blogs.loc.gov/thesignal/2011/11/the-average-lifespan-of-a-webpage/ | title = The Average Lifespan of a Webpage |date = November 8, 2011 |access-date = Oct 31, 2018 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160908223104/https://blogs.loc.gov/thesignal/2011/11/the-average-lifespan-of-a-webpage/ | archive-date = September 8, 2016 | url-status = live}}</ref>
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