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Indigestion
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====Gastritis==== Common causes of [[gastritis]] include peptic ulcer disease, infection, or medications. =====Peptic ulcer disease===== Gastric and duodenal ulcers are the defining feature of [[peptic ulcer disease]] (PUD). PUD is most commonly caused by an infection with ''H. pylori'' or [[Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAID]] use.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Fashner|first1=Julia|last2=Gitu|first2=Alfred C.|date=2015-02-15|title=Diagnosis and Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Disease and H. pylori Infection|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25955624|journal=American Family Physician|volume=91|issue=4|pages=236β242|issn=1532-0650|pmid=25955624}}</ref> ====== ''Helicobacter pylori'' (''H. pylori'') infection ====== The role of ''[[Helicobacter pylori|H. pylori]]'' in [[functional dyspepsia]] is controversial, and treatment for ''H. pylori'' may not lead to complete improvement of a patient's dyspepsia.<ref name=":0" /> However, a recent systemic review and meta-analysis of 29 studies published in 2022 suggests that successful treatment of ''H. pylori'' modestly improves indigestion symptoms.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ford|first1=Alexander C.|last2=Tsipotis|first2=Evangelos|last3=Yuan|first3=Yuhong|last4=Leontiadis|first4=Grigorios I.|last5=Moayyedi|first5=Paul|date=2022-01-12|title=Efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for functional dyspepsia: updated systematic review and meta-analysis|url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35022266|journal=Gut|volume=71 |issue=10 |pages=gutjnlβ2021β326583|doi=10.1136/gutjnl-2021-326583|issn=1468-3288|pmid=35022266|s2cid=245922275}}</ref>
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