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Inversion (meteorology)
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===Sound=== When an inversion layer is present, if a sound or explosion occurs at ground level, the sound wave is [[Refraction|refracted]] by the temperature gradient (which affects sound speed) and returns to the ground. The sound, therefore, travels much better than normal. This is noticeable in areas around airports, where the sound of aircraft taking off and landing often can be heard at greater distances around dawn than at other times of day, and inversion thunder which is significantly louder and travels further than when it is produced by lightning strikes under normal conditions.<ref>Dean A. Pollet and Micheal M. Kordich, [https://apps.dtic.mil/sti/pdfs/ADA477220.pdf User's guide for the Sound Intensity Prediction System (SIPS) as installed at the Naval Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technology Division (Naveodtechdiv)]. Systems Department February 2000. DTIC.mil</ref> ====Shock waves==== The [[shock wave]] from an explosion can be reflected by an inversion layer in much the same way as it bounces off the ground in an air-burst and can cause additional damage as a result. This phenomenon killed two people in the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] [[RDS-37]] [[nuclear test]] when a building collapsed.<ref>{{cite web| first=Wm. Robert| last=Johnston| title=RDS-37 Nuclear Test, 1955| url=http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/nuclear/tests/1955USSR-1.html| access-date=11 April 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title=RDS-37: The Soviet Hydrogen Bomb| url=http://www.atomicarchive.com/History/coldwar/p7_image.shtml| access-date=26 December 2015}}</ref>
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