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Irwin Allen
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====Television series==== With 20th Century Fox scaling back their film productions due to their huge expenditure on films such as ''[[Cleopatra (1963 film)|Cleopatra]]'' (1963), in the mid-1960s, Allen concentrated on television, producing several overlapping science-fiction series for [[20th Century Fox Television]]. They featured special effects by [[L. B. Abbott]], who won three [[Emmy]]s for his work.<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|204}} Allen used many of the same craftsmen on his TV shows as he did on his films, including composer [[John Williams]] and [[costume designer]] and general assistant [[Paul Zastupnevich]].<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|6}} ''Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea'' ([[American Broadcasting Company|ABC TV]], 1964β1968) established Allen's reputation as a television producer. The financial viability of the series was assisted by the reuse of many of the sets from the film; the cost of the ''[[USOS Seaview|Seaview]]'' submarine sets alone exceeded the budget of a typical pilot show of the era.<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|11}} The series also benefited from Allen's by-now notorious use of stock film footage, particularly from ''[[Hell and High Water (1954 film)|Hell and High Water]]'' (1954), ''[[The Enemy Below]]'' (1957), and Allen's ''The Lost World''.<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|16}} Allen had originally intended ''Lost in Space'' ([[CBS|CBS TV]], 1965β1968) to be a family show, a science-fiction version of ''[[The Swiss Family Robinson]]''.<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|116}} It quickly developed into a children's show with episodes concentrating on the young Will Robinson, the robot, and especially, the comic villain, Dr. Smith.<ref name="Fischer2011"/>{{rp|36β7}} The show used several science-fiction elements that have since become common, such as the comic robot (e.g. ''[[Silent Running]]'', ''[[Star Wars]]'') or android (''[[Logan's Run (film)|Logan's Run]]'', ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]''), the heroic child ([[Meeno Peluce]] in ''[[Voyagers!]]'', [[Wesley Crusher]]), and the wacky, lovable alien (Albert in ''[[Alien Nation]]'', [[Vir Cotto|Vir]] in ''[[Babylon 5]]'').<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|124}} ''The Time Tunnel'' (ABC TV, 1966β1967), with each episode set in a different historical time period, was an ideal vehicle for Allen's talent for smoothly mixing live action with stock footage from films set in the same period. A change in network management led to the show being cancelled after just one season.<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|204}} Allen cited ''The Time Tunnel'' as his favorite of all of his television productions and he would attempt to revamp and relaunch the concept numerous times including a filmed pilot in 1976 called ''The Time Travelers'' and unfilmed concepts that included one called ''Time Travel Agency'' and another called ''The Time Project'' that went through several incarnations.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Bond |first1=Jeff |title=The Fantasy Worlds of Irwin Allen |url=http://www.creaturefeatures.com |publisher=Creature Features |pages=556β568}}</ref> ''Land of the Giants'' (ABC TV, 1968β1970) was the most expensive show of its day at roughly $250,000 per episode.<ref name="Lisanti2001">{{cite book |author=Lisanti |first=Tom |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2_E6M3LEGP4C&pg=PA239 |title=Fantasy Femmes of Sixties Cinema: Interviews with 20 Actresses from Biker, Beach, and Elvis Movies |publisher=McFarland |year=2001 |isbn=978-0-7864-0868-9 |pages=239β |language=en-us}}</ref> As another [[castaway]]-themed show, Allen incorporated some of the successful elements from ''Lost in Space'', although this time he did not allow the treacherous character to dominate the series.<ref name="Abbott2006"/>{{rp|273}}
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