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Lockheed Constellation
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===Obsolescence=== [[File:Lockheed L1049H CF-NAM Nordair MAN 02.07.66 edited-2.jpg|thumb|right|L-1049H freighter of [[Nordair]] Canada at [[Manchester Airport]] in 1966]] [[File:Constellation L-049.jpg|thumb|right|A Lockheed Constellation L-049 preserved at [[TAM Museum]]]] Jet airliners such as the [[de Havilland Comet]], [[Boeing 707]], [[Douglas DC-8]], [[Convair 880]], and [[Sud Aviation Caravelle]] rendered the Constellation obsolete. The first routes lost to jets were the long overseas routes, but Constellations continued to fly domestic routes. The last scheduled passenger flight of a Constellation in the [[contiguous United States]] was made by a TWA L749 on May 11, 1967, from [[Philadelphia]] to [[Kansas City, Missouri]];<ref name=germain>{{harvnb|Germain|1998|p=89}}</ref> the last scheduled passenger flight in North America was by Western Airlines' N86525 in Alaska, Anchorage to Yakutat to Juneau on 26 November 1968. Constellations carried freight in later years, and were used on backup sections of [[Eastern Airlines]]' shuttle service between New York, Washington, and Boston until 1968. Propeller airliners were used on overnight freight runs into the 1990s, as their low speed was not an impediment. An Eastern Air Lines Connie holds the record for a New York–to–Washington flight from take off to touchdown in just over 30 minutes. The record was set prior to speed restrictions by the [[Federal Aviation Administration]] (FAA) below {{convert|10,000|ft}}.<ref>[http://wn.com/Lockheed_Constellation "Lockheed Constellation L749 N749NL Comeback."] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121114040024/http://wn.com/Lockheed_Constellation |date=2012-11-14 }} ''World News.'' Retrieved: February 22, 2011.</ref> One of the reasons for the elegance of the aircraft was the dolphin-shaped fuselage, a continuously variable profile with no two [[bulkhead (partition)|bulkhead]]s the same shape and a skin formed into compound curves, which was expensive to build. Manufacturers have since favored tube-shaped fuselages in airliner designs, as the cylindrical cross-section design is more resistant to pressurization changes and less expensive to build. After ending Constellation production, Lockheed chose not to develop a first-generation jetliner, sticking to its military business and production of the [[turboprop]] [[Lockheed L-188 Electra]]. Lockheed did not build a large passenger aircraft again until its [[L-1011 Tristar]] debuted in 1972. While a technological marvel, the L-1011 was a commercial failure, and Lockheed left the commercial airliner business permanently in 1983.{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=56}}
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