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Mahmud II
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===Russo-Turkish War of 1828β29=== Another [[Russo-Turkish War (1828-29)]] broke out during Mahmud II's reign and was fought without janissaries. Marshal [[Hans Karl von Diebitsch|von Diebitsch]] was armed (in the words of Baron Moltke) "with the reputation of invincible success". He was to earn the name Sabalskanski (the crosser of the Balkans). Bypassing the Shumla fortress, he forcibly marched his troops over the Balkans, appearing before [[Edirne|Adrianople]]. Sultan Mahmud II maintained control of his forces, unfurled the banner of the prophet and declared his intention of taking command of the army personally. Preparing to do so, he appeared, ill-advisedly, not on horseback but in a carriage. In the [[Imperial Council (Ottoman Empire)|Divan]], British and French ambassadors urged him to sue for peace. <gallery> File:January Suchodolski - Akhaltsikhe siege.jpg|[[Battle of Akhalzic]] (1828), by [[January Suchodolski]]. Oil on canvas, 1839. File:Kars 1828.jpg|Russian forces reach and cause the Siege of [[Kars]] (1828), by January Suchodolski. </gallery>
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