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Medium of instruction
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===South East Asia=== *In the [[Philippines]], English is the primary medium of instruction from preschool to university, except in the Philippine history and Filipino language subjects, in which Filipino is used.<ref>Enclosure No. 1 to {{cite web|url=http://www.deped.gov.ph/cpanel/uploads/issuanceImg/DO%20No.%2074%2C%20s.%202009.pdf |title=Department of Education Order No. 74, 2009 |access-date=2012-06-16 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616225924/http://www.deped.gov.ph/cpanel/uploads/issuanceImg/DO%20No.%2074%2C%20s.%202009.pdf |archive-date=June 16, 2012 }}</ref> Recently, regional languages have been introduced as the medium of instruction in public schools for grades Kβ3 as part of the [[Department of Education (Philippines)|Department of Education]]'s mother tongue-based education policy.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/317280/news/nation/deped-adds-7-languages-to-mother-tongue-based-education-for-kinder-to-grade-3 |title=DepEd adds 7 languages to mother tongue-based education for Kinder to Grade 3 |date=July 13, 2013 |work=GMA News Online |access-date=November 25, 2022}}</ref> *In [[Singapore]], in pre-schools children learn in two languages: English and a mother tongue: Chinese, Malay or Tamil.<ref>[http://www.moe.gov.sg/education/preschool/ Pre-school Education]</ref> The medium of instruction is English in all schools following the national curriculum except in "mother-tongue" subjects. International and private schools may use other languages. See also [[Special Assistance Plan]]. *In [[Indonesia]], [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] is the medium in most schools, including universities. *In [[Cambodia]], [[Khmer language|Khmer]] is the medium in most schools, including universities. *In [[Vietnam]], [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] is the medium in most schools, including universities. *In [[Thailand]], [[Thai language|Thai]] is the medium in most schools, including universities. *In [[Laos]], [[Lao language|Lao]] is the medium in most schools, including universities. *In [[Malaysia]], [[Malay language|Malay]] is the medium of instruction in most schools. However, there are also Chinese and Indian schools serving the respective communities, which are allowed to use Mandarin and Tamil respectively as a medium of instruction, but Malay is still required to be taught as a subject. English-medium schools were present during the colonial period but were slowly phased out after independence. Today, all the former English-medium schools have since been converted to Malay-medium schools. Nevertheless, English continues to be a compulsory subject in all Malaysian schools.
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