Editing Nonintercourse Act (section)

====Federal non-consent====
Through the policies of [[Indian removal]] in the East and [[Indian reservation]]-creation in the West, the federal government removed Native Americans from most of their ancestral land. However, examples of Congress approving a state action that [[alienated land]] are rare indeed. Congress would have to pass a statute with express language, or the Senate would have to ratify the treaty alienating the land, to secure such federal approval. The view taken by several of the [[Indian Land Claims Settlements]] is that Congress may consent to such conveyances retroactively; this view has not been tested in court, although it is likely to be upheld because the power of Congress to extinguish aboriginal title without compensation is [[Plenary power|plenary]].