Editing Open relationship (section)

===Reasons for avoiding an open relationship===
Many couples consider open relationships, but choose not to follow through with the idea. If a person attempts to approach their committed monogamous partner about transitioning to an open relationship, the monogamous partner may convince or coerce them to either stay monogamous or pursue a new partner.<ref name="Taormino2008" /> There may also be concern that when beginning an open relationship, a partner may become only concerned in their personal development and pay less attention to their partner.<ref name="LinssenWik2010" />

Jealousy is often present in monogamous relationships, and adding one or more partners to the relationship may cause it to increase.<ref name="LinssenWik2010" /> Results of some studies have suggested that jealousy remains a problem in open relationships because the actual involvement of a third party is seen as a trigger.<ref name="Buunk1981" /> In Constantine & Constantine (1971), the researchers found that 80% of participants in [[Open marriage jealousy|open marriages]] had experienced jealousy at one point or another.<ref name="Buunk1981" />

Consensual nonmonogamous relationships have negative stereotypes around them, including less sexually fulfilling, more sexually risky, and less moral.<ref name=":0" /> These stereotypes are reinforced by [[mononormativity]], which is the belief that monogamous relationships are the most natural and culturally acceptable relationship.<ref name=":3">{{Cite journal |last1=Hutzler |first1=Kevin T. |last2=Giuliano |first2=Traci A. |last3=Herselman |first3=Jordan R. |last4=Johnson |first4=Sarah M. |date=2 April 2016 |title=Three's a crowd: public awareness and (mis)perceptions of polyamory |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/19419899.2015.1004102 |journal=Psychology & Sexuality |volume=7 |issue=2 |pages=69–87 |doi=10.1080/19419899.2015.1004102 |s2cid=144272136 |issn=1941-9899|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Cultural pressure may also dissuade initiating or switching to an open relationship. There is a commonly held societal stereotype that those involved in open relationships are less committed or mature than those who are in monogamous relationships. Films, media, and self-help books present the message that to desire more than one partner means not having a "true" relationship. In the [[Aftermath of World War II|post-WWII]] 1950s-1970s, it was traditional to "date around" (with guidelines such not going out with one particular suitor twice in a row) until ready to start "going steady" (the onset of exclusivity and sexual exploration); since then, non-exclusive dating around has lost favour and going directly to steady (now known simply as exclusive dating) has been elevated instead.<ref name="Bailey1989" /> Desiring an open relationship in these days often claimed to be a phase that a person is passing through before being ready to "settle down".<ref name="Taormino2008" /> The logistics of an open relationship may be difficult to cope with, especially if the partners reside together, split finances, own property, or parent children.<ref name="Taormino2008" />

==== Sexually transmitted infection ====
{{Main|Sexually transmitted infection}}{{See also|safe sex|polyfidelity}}
Any sexual contact outside of a strictly [[monogamy|monogamous]] or [[polyfidelity|polyfidelitous]] relationship increases the possibility that one member of the group will contract a [[sexually transmitted infection]] and pass it into the group.

Neither [[Birth control#Barrier|barrier device]] use (such as [[condom]]s) nor more vigilant [[STI testing]] and vaccination can fully eliminate such risk,<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Hatcher |first1=Robert Anthony |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&pg=PA297 |title=Contraceptive Technology |last2=M.D |first2=Anita L. Nelson |publisher=Ardent Media |year=2007 |isbn=9781597080019 |pages=297–311 |language=en |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170918185600/https://books.google.com/books?id=txh0LpjjhkoC&pg=PA297 |archive-date=18 September 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> but can reduce the statistical increase attributable to nonmonogamy. Nevertheless, using data from the 2012 National Survey of Sexual Health and Behavior, Levine et al. (2018) found that individuals in open relationships reported more condom use in both vaginal and anal intercourse compared to monogamous couples.<ref name=":0" />

The development of [[Pre-exposure prophylaxis|PrEP]] has led to a decrease in risk for HIV infection by as much as 92%.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Holmes |first=David |date=28 July 2012 |title=FDA paves the way for pre-exposure HIV prophylaxis |url=https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(12)61235-5/abstract |journal=The Lancet |language=English |volume=380 |issue=9839 |pages=325 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61235-5 |issn=0140-6736 |pmid=22852138|s2cid=7096469 |url-access=subscription }}</ref> If both partners are on PrEP, risk of HIV infection is diminished, even if there are multiple partners.