Editing Parallel voting (section)

===Current use===
Parallel voting is currently used in the following countries:<ref>Reynolds et al. (2008), ''Electoral System Design: The New International IDEA Handbook'', Sweden: International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance, pg. 30–33</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Country
! rowspan="2" |Body
! colspan="3" |Members elected in constituencies
! colspan="3" |Members elected by proportional representation
! colspan="3" |Other members
|-
!Total
!%
!System
!Total
!%
!System
!Total
!System
!%
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Andorra}} [[Elections in Andorra|Andorra]]'''
|[[General Council (Andorra)|General Council]]
|14
|50%
|[[General ticket|PBV]]
|14
|50%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="4" | '''{{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Elections in Argentina|Argentina]]'''
|'''{{Flagicon|Córdoba}}''' [[Legislature of Córdoba|Legislature of Córdoba Province]]
|26
|37%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|44
|63%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Río Negro Province}}''' [[Legislature of Río Negro|Legislature of Río Negro Province]]
|24
|52%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|22
|48%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|San Juan}}''' [[Chamber of Deputies of San Juan]]
|19
|53%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|17
|47%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Santa Cruz}}''' [[Chamber of Deputies of Santa Cruz]]
|14
|58%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|10
|42%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Guinea}} [[Elections in Guinea|Guinea]]'''
|[[National Assembly (Guinea)|National Assembly]]
|38
|33%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|76
|67%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] ([[Hare quota]])
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | '''{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Elections in Japan|Japan]]'''
|[[House of Representatives (Japan)|House of Representatives]]|| 289 
|62%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]|| 176
|38%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]||
|
|
|-
|[[House of Councillors]]
|147
|60%
|[[Single non-transferable vote|SNTV]]
|98
|40%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Kazakhstan}} [[Elections in Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]'''
|[[Mazhilis|Majilis]]
|69
|30%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|69
|70%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Kyrgyzstan}} [[Elections in Kyrgyzstan|Kyrgyzstan]]'''
|[[Supreme Council (Kyrgyzstan)|Supreme Council]]
|36
|40%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|54
|60%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Lithuania}} [[Elections in Lithuania|Lithuania]]'''
|[[Seimas]]
|71
|50%
|[[Two-round system|TRS]]
|70
|50%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] ([[largest remainder method]]): [[Open list|open lists]]
|
|
|
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Mexico}}''' '''[[Elections in Mexico|Mexico]]'''
|[[Chamber of Deputies of Mexico|Chamber of Deputies]]|| 300 
|60%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]|| 200
|40%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] ([[Hare quota]])||
|
|
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Mongolia}}''' '''[[Elections in Mongolia|Mongolia]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=Smith |first=Marissa |title=Parliamentary Elections 2024: Yet Another New Election System |url=https://blogs.ubc.ca/mongolia/2024/yet-another-new-election-system/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Mongolia Focus |publisher=University of British Columbia |language=en-US}}</ref>'''
|[[State Great Khural]]||78
|62%
|[[Block plurality voting|BPV]]|| 48
|38%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]: [[Closed list|closed lists]]||
|
|
|-
|  '''{{Flagicon|Nepal}}''' '''[[Elections in Nepal|Nepal]]'''
|[[House of Representatives (Nepal)|House of Representatives]]
|165
|60%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|110
|40%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]: [[Closed list|closed lists]]
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="2" | {{Flagicon|Philippines}} '''[[Elections in the Philippines|Philippines]]'''
|[[House of Representatives of the Philippines|House of Representatives]]|| 253 
|80%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]|| 63
|20%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] ([[Hare quota]]): [[Closed list|closed lists]]||
|
|
|-
|[[Bangsamoro Parliament]]
|32
|40%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|40
|50%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|8
|
|10%
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Russian Federation}} [[Elections in Russia|Russian Federation]]'''
|[[State Duma]]|| 225 
|50%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]|| 225<ref>{{Cite news|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/03/world/europe/putin-orders-new-system-for-russian-parliamentary-elections.html|title = Putin Orders New System for Russian Parliamentary Elections - NYTimes.com| work=The New York Times |date = 2013-01-03|access-date = 2014-09-09| last1=Herszenhorn | first1=David M. }}</ref><ref>Since the 2016 election, and from 1993 to the [[2003 Russian legislative election|2003 election]].</ref>
|50%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] ([[Hare quota]]): [[Closed list|closed lists]]||
|
|
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Senegal}} [[Elections in Senegal|Senegal]]'''
|[[National Assembly (Senegal)|National Assembly]]
|105
|64%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|60
|36%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]] ([[largest remainder method]])
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|South Ossetia}} [[Elections in South Ossetia|South Ossetia]]'''
|[[Parliament of South Ossetia|Parliament]]
|17
|50%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|17
|50%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Elections in Taiwan|Taiwan]] (Republic of China)'''
|[[Legislative Yuan]]
|73
|65%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|34
|30%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|6
|[[Single non-transferable vote|SNTV]] for indigenous seats
|5%
|-
|'''{{Flagicon|Tajikistan}} [[Elections in Tajikistan|Tajikistan]]'''
|[[Assembly of Representatives (Tajikistan)|Assembly of Representatives]]
|41
|65%
|[[Two-round system|TRS]]
|22
|35%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|
|
|
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Tanzania}} [[Elections in Tanzania|Tanzania]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Art. 66, Constitution of Tanzania |url=https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Tanzania_1995?lang=en#857 |website=Constitute Project}}</ref>'''
|[[National Assembly (Tanzania)|National Assembly]]
|264
|67%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|113 
|29%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]
|26
|5 via indirect elections, 11 nominated by the president, including the attorney general.
|4%
|-
| '''{{Flagicon|Thailand}} [[Elections in Thailand|Thailand]]'''
|[[House of Representatives (Thailand)|House of Representatives]]|| 400
|80%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]|| 100
|20%
|[[Party-list proportional representation|List PR]]||
|
|
|}
{| class="wikitable"
|+For dependencies
! rowspan="2" |Country
! rowspan="2" |Body
! colspan="3" |Members elected in constituencies
! colspan="3" |Members elected by proportional representation
! colspan="3" |Other members
|-
!Total
!%
!System
!Total
!%
!System
!Total
!System
!%
|-
|'''''Realm of New Zealand'''''
|{{Flagicon|Niue}} [[Elections in Niue|Niue]] [[Niue Assembly|Assembly]]
|14
|70%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|6
|30%
|[[Plurality block voting|Plurality block voting (BV)]]
|
|
|
|-
| rowspan="3" |'''''British overseas territories'''''
|{{Flagicon|Anguilla}} [[Elections in Anguilla|Anguilla]] [[Anguilla House of Assembly|House of Assembly]]
|7
|54%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|4
|31%
|[[Plurality block voting|Plurality block voting (BV)]]
|2
|2 ''ex officio''
|15%
|-
|{{Flagicon|Turks and Caicos Islands}} [[Elections in the Turks and Caicos Islands|Turks and Caicos Islands]] [[House of Assembly (Turks and Caicos Islands)|House of Assembly]]
|10
|48%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|5
|24%
|[[Plurality block voting|Plurality block voting (BV)]]
|6
|4 appointed, 2 ''ex officio''
|28%
|-
|{{Flagicon|British Virgin Islands}} [[Elections in the British Virgin Islands|British Virgin Islands]] [[House of Assembly of the British Virgin Islands|House of Assembly]]
|9
|60%
|[[First-past-the-post voting|FPTP]]
|4
|27%
|[[Plurality block voting|Plurality block voting (BV)]]
|2
|2 ''ex officio''
|13%
|}

==== Philippines ====
The Philippines' electoral system for Congress is an exceptional case. Political parties running for party-list seats are legally required to be completely separate from those running in constituency seats. Furthermore, political parties are capped at 3 seats (out of 20% of seats, or about 60 seats). As a result, the mixed-member system utilized in the Philippines is not representative at all of the share of the vote that "normal" political parties obtain (even amongst mixed-member majoritarian systems), let alone for those in full proportional representation systems.