Editing Prison reform (section)

======Winston Churchill======
Major reforms were championed by The Liberal Party government in 1906–1914. The key player was [[Winston Churchill in politics, 1900–1939|Winston Churchill]] when he was the Liberal [[Home Secretary]], 1910–11.<ref>Jamie Bennett,  "The Man, the Machine and the Myths: Reconsidering Winston Churchill’s Prison Reforms." in Helen Johnston, ed., ''Punishment and Control in Historical Perspective'' (2008) pp. 95-114. [https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057/9780230583443_6 online] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180601232527/https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1057%2F9780230583443_6 |date=2018-06-01 }}</ref> He first achieved fame as a prisoner in the Boer war in 1899.  He escaped after 28 days and the media, and his own book, made him a national hero overnight.<ref>{{cite book |author=Candice Millard |authorlink= |title=Hero of the Empire: The Boer War, a Daring Escape, and the Making of Winston Churchill | others= <!--Переклад з англійської: ім'я перекладача--> |url= |accessdate= |year=2016 |publisher= Random House Large Print |location=London |isbn= 9780804194891 |page= 563 |series= |volume= |language=en}}</ref>  He later wrote, "I certainly hated my captivity more than I have ever hated any other in my whole life... Looking back on those days I've always felt the keenest pity for prisoners and captives."<ref>{{cite book|author=Paul Addison|title=Churchill: The Unexpected Hero|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fa2h24pcwAUC&pg=PT59|year=2005|page=51|publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=9780191608575|access-date=2019-05-19|archive-date=2023-02-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230205075857/https://books.google.com/books?id=Fa2h24pcwAUC&pg=PT59|url-status=live}}</ref> As Home Secretary he was in charge of the nation's penal system. Biographer [[Paul Addison]] says. "More than any other Home Secretary of the 20th century, Churchill was the prisoner's friend. He arrived at the Home Office with the firm conviction that the penal system was excessively harsh." He worked to reduce the number sent to prison in the first place, shorten their terms, and make life in prison more tolerable, and rehabilitation more likely.<ref>Addison, p. 51.</ref> His reforms were not politically popular, but they had a major long-term impact on the British penal system.<ref>Edward Moritz, Jr., "Winston Churchill - Prison Reformer," ''The Historian'' 20#4 (1958), pp. 428-440 {{JSTOR|24437567}}</ref><ref>Victor Bailey,  "Churchill As Home-Secretary--Prison Reform." ''History Today'' vol 35 (March 1985): 10-13.</ref>