Editing Rogue wave (section)

==Extreme rogue wave events==
On 17 November 2020, a buoy moored in {{convert|45|m|0}} of water on [[Amphitrite Bank]] in the Pacific Ocean {{convert|7|km|mi nmi}} off [[Ucluelet]], [[Vancouver Island]], [[British Columbia]], Canada, at {{coord|48.9|N|125.6|W}} recorded a lone {{convert|17.6|m|0|adj=on}} tall wave among surrounding waves about {{convert|6|m|0}} in height.<ref name=gemmrich20220202>{{cite journal|last1=Gemmrich |first1=Johannes |last2=Cicon |first2=Leah | journal=Scientific Reports | title=Generation mechanism and prediction of an observed extreme rogue wave | date=2 February 2022 |volume=12 |issue=1 |page=1718 |doi=10.1038/s41598-022-05671-4 |pmid=35110586 |pmc=8811055 |bibcode=2022NatSR..12.1718G }}</ref> The wave exceeded the surrounding significant wave heights by a factor of 2.93. When the wave's detection was revealed to the public in February 2022, one scientific paper<ref name=gemmrich20220202/> and many news outlets christened the event as "the most extreme rogue wave event ever recorded" and a "once-in-a-millennium" event, claiming that at about three times the height of the waves around it, the Ucluelet wave set a record as the most extreme rogue wave ever recorded at the time in terms of its height in proportion to surrounding waves, and that a wave three times the height of those around it was estimated to occur on average only once every 1,300 years worldwide.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/record-breaking-rogue-wave-recorded-off-the-coast-of-vancouver-island-830202783.html | author=MarineLabs | work=Cision | title=Four-story high rogue wave breaks records off the coast of Vancouver Island | date=8 February 2022 | access-date=24 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.cnn.com/2022/02/12/weather/rogue-wave-record-vancouver-island/index.html | last1=Kaiser |first1= Caitlin |last2=Sater |first2=Tom | work=CNN | title=Four-story high rogue wave breaks records off the coast of Vancouver Island | date=14 February 2022 | access-date=24 October 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.sciencealert.com/extreme-rogue-wave-in-the-north-pacific-confirmed-as-most-extreme-on-record | last=Cassella |first= Carly | work=ScienceAlert | title=Extreme 'Rogue Wave' in the North Pacific Confirmed as Most Extreme on Record | date=12 January 2023 | access-date=24 October 2023}}</ref>

The Ucluelet event generated controversy. Analysis of scientific papers dealing with rogue wave events since 2005 revealed the claims for the record-setting nature and rarity of the wave to be incorrect. The paper ''Oceanic rogue waves''<ref>{{Cite web | title=(PDF) Oceanic Rogue Waves | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234151195_Oceanic_Rogue_Waves | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125042148/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/234151195_Oceanic_Rogue_Waves | access-date=2025-02-26 | archive-date=2020-11-25}}</ref> by Dysthe, Krogstad and Muller reports on an event in the [[Black Sea]] in 2004 which was far more extreme than the Ucluelet wave, where the Datawell Waverider buoy reported a wave whose height was {{convert|10.32|m|2}} higher and 3.91 times the significant wave height, as detailed in the paper. Thorough inspection of the buoy after the recording revealed no malfunction. The authors of the paper that reported the Black Sea event<ref>{{Cite web | title=(PDF) A freak wave in the Black Sea: Observations and simulation | url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292873547_A_freak_wave_in_the_Black_Sea_Observations_and_simulation | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230617003642/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/292873547_A_freak_wave_in_the_Black_Sea_Observations_and_simulation | access-date=2025-02-26 | archive-date=2023-06-17}}</ref> assessed the wave as "anomalous" and suggested several theories on how such an extreme wave may have arisen. The Black Sea event differs in the fact that it, unlike the Ucluelet wave, was recorded with a high-precision instrument. The ''Oceanic rogue waves'' paper also reports even more extreme waves from a different source, but these were possibly overestimated, as assessed by the data's own authors. The Black Sea wave occurred in relatively calm weather.

Furthermore, a paper<ref>{{cite journal | url=https://nhess.copernicus.org/articles/11/2913/2011/ | doi=10.5194/nhess-11-2913-2011 | title=Rogue waves in 2006–2010 | year=2011 | last1=Nikolkina | first1=I. | last2=Didenkulova | first2=I. | journal=Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences | volume=11 | issue=11 | pages=2913–2924 | bibcode=2011NHESS..11.2913N | doi-access=free }}</ref> by I.&nbsp;Nikolkina and I.&nbsp;Didenkulova also reveals waves more extreme than the Ucluelet wave. In the paper, they infer that in 2006 a {{convert|21|m|0|adj=on}} wave appeared in the Pacific Ocean off the [[Port of Coos Bay]], Oregon, with a significant wave height of {{convert|3.9|m}}. The ratio is 5.38, almost twice that of the Ucluelet wave. The paper also reveals the {{MV|Pont-Aven}} incident as marginally more extreme than the Ucluelet event. The paper also assesses a report of an {{convert|11|m|0|adj=on}} wave in a significant wave height of {{convert|1.9|m}}, but the authors cast doubt on that claim. A paper written by Craig B. Smith in 2007 reported on an incident in the North Atlantic, in which the submarine ''Grouper'' was hit by a 30-meter wave in calm seas.<ref>{{Cite web| title=Extreme Waves and Ship Design | url=http://shipstructure.org/pdf/2007symp09.pdf | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090106160704/http://www.shipstructure.org/pdf/2007symp09.pdf | archive-date=2009-01-06}}</ref>