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Sankardev
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===Ahom kingdom=== ====Gangmau==== [[Biswa Singha]], began his activities to remove the Bhuyans from power in the western part of the Brahmaputra valley in 1509. Furthermore, the Bhuyans in the Bordowa area picked up a quarrel with their [[Dimasa Kingdom|Kachari]] neighbours, and when attacked Sankardev advised the Bhuyans to move, which brought to an end the independence of this group of Bhuyans.<ref name="Harv69">{{harv|Neog|1980|p=69}}</ref> Sankardev and his associates first crossed the Brahmaputra river in 1516–17 and settled first at Singari and finally at Routa; and when Viswa Singha advanced towards Routa, Sankardev moved to Gangmau in the [[Ahom kingdom]] in 1527.<ref>[Neog, Maheswar, ''Śaṅkaradeva and his times'', p. 68]</ref><ref name="Harv69" /> At Gangmau they stayed for five years where Sankardev's eldest son Ramananda was born. At Gangmau, he wrote the drama ''Patniprasad''. In fact he lived alone at a place named Gajalasuti out of dissatisfaction with some relative. He penned the play there. ====Dhuwahat==== While at Gangmau, the [[Koch dynasty|Koch]] king [[Biswa Singha]] attacked the [[Ahom kingdom|Ahoms]]. The Bhuyans fought for the Ahoms and the Koch king was defeated. Due to the unsettled situation at Gangmau Sankardev next moved to Dhuwahat, near Ahatguri in present-day [[Majuli]], washed away by the Brahmaputra in 1913. The Bhuyans were settled here by the Ahoms with land and estate,<ref>"Ere long, the inroads of the Bhutanese and the Koches compelled them to shift their residence to Dhuwahat-Belaguri, where the Ahom monarch settled them with land and estate." {{harv|Sarma|1966|p=13}}</ref> Hari, Sankardev's son-in-law became a [[Saikia]], and his cousin Jagatananda, grandson of Jayanta received a title 'Ramarai'.<ref>{{harv|Barman|1999|p=37}}</ref> At Dhuwahat, he met his spiritual successor Madhavdev. [[Madhavdev]], a sakta, got into a religious altercation with his brother-in-law Ramadas who had recently converted to Vaishnavism. Ramadas took him to Sankardev, who, after a long debate, convinced him of the power and the efficacy of ''Ekasarana''. The acquisition of Madhavdev, with his talent in poetry, singing and dedication to his new-found religion and guru, was a significant event in the ''Ekasarana'' history. At Dhuwahat he managed to attract a wider attention and popularity and he initiated many others into his religion. The popularity of Ekasarana and the conversion of people alarmed the priestly Brahmins,<ref>{{harv|Sarma|1966|p=13}}</ref> who reacted with anger and hostility. Sankardev tried to diffuse their hostility—by meeting with them at the house of his relative Budha-Khan<ref name="Harv111">{{harv|Neog|1980|p=111}}</ref> and asking his Brahmin antagonists to install a wooden idol of Jagannath, called Madan-Mohan, at his religious seat. (Sankardev left this idol hanging on a tree when he took flight from Dhuwahat, and it was rescued years later by Vamshigopaldev and installed at Deberapar-sattra).<ref>{{harv|Neog|1980|p=376}}</ref><ref>The wooden idol was carved by one Korola Bhadai, and his invitation to the priests were conveyed by his brahmin associate Ramaram {{harv|Barman|1999|p=37}}</ref> The Brahmins finally complained to the Ahom king, [[Suhungmung]] (1497–1539), who summoned Sankardev to his court for a debate with them. Sankardev was able to convince the king that he was not a religious rebel and a threat to the social order, and the charges against him were dropped.<ref name="Harv111" /> The hostility, nevertheless, continued.<ref>{{harv|Neog|1980|p=112}}</ref> =====''Flight from Dhuwahat''===== Though the positions of the Bhuyans in the Ahom kingdom began comfortably—with Sankardev's son-in-law, Hari, becoming a [[Paik system|Paik]] officer and Ramrai, his cousin, becoming a royal official—the relationship gradually deteriorated. After the death of Viswasingha, who was inimical to the Bhuyans, and the rise of Naranarayan (1540), the Koch-Bhuyan relationship improved somewhat.<ref>"Prataprai Gabharu-Khan, who had escaped to Gauda when Viswasingha attacked them, returned to Kamrup and made a sort of alliance with Naranarayan" {{harv|Neog|1980|p=112}}</ref> Sometime in the 1540s during the reign of [[Suklenmung]] (1539–1552) a royal officer visited the region for an elephant capturing expedition. Hari did not make himself available and furthermore, an elephant escaped through a barrier managed by the Bhuyans. The officer took grave offence in this dereliction of duty and arrested Hari as well as Madhavdev. At [[Garhgaon]], Hari was executed and Madhavdev interned for about a year.<ref>{{harv|Barman|1999|p=38}}</ref> According to Daityari, taking advantage of the Koch advance against the Ahoms (1546–1547), Sankardev and his followers escaped from the Ahom kingdom as they fell behind the vanguard of the Koch army setting up their garrison in [[Narayanpur, Assam|Narayanpur]] further to the east.<ref>The year of Sankardev's escape is generally taken as 1546, first suggested by Bezbaroa {{harv|Neog|1980|p=113}}. Others suggest 1540 {{harv|Borkakoti|2012|p=26}}.</ref> ====Literary works in the Ahom kingdom==== # Arguments against those antagonistic to ''bhakti'' #* ''Kirtan-ghosa'' (''Pasanda-mardana'', ''Namaparadha'') #* ''(Vipra)-patni-prasad'' (Ankia Naat) # Tales from Krishna's early life #* ''Kirtan-ghosa'' (''sisu-lila'', ''rasa-krida'', ''kamsavadha'', ''gopi-uddhava-samvada'', ''kujir vancha-purana'', ''akrurar vancha-purana'') # ''[[Borgeet]]s''
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