Editing Seduction (section)

== Biosocial theory ==
Kenrick and Trost (1987)<ref name=":7">{{Cite book|title=Males, Females and Sexuality. Theories and Research.|author=Kelley. K|publisher=State Univ of New York Pr|year= 1986|isbn=978-0887063091|location=New York|pages=69}}</ref> have formulated a Biosocial theory of heterosexual relationships which encompasses several stages of seduction. This includes five stages of natural progression:
# Individuals identify a potential partner based on desired characteristics such as physical attraction
# Both individuals establish contact
# Other traits of the individual that are not necessarily explicit are analysed to determine fitness
# A physical [[Intimate relationship|relationship]] is established
# The relationship is either successful and progresses or discontinued

Within these stages, both individuals are interacting in a game which is never explicit, this is because if either individual were to be rejected this would damage their [[self-esteem]]. Therefore, when seducing, the overarching aims and goals are never vocalised to the other desired individual. This is sometimes referred to as paradoxical exhibition.<ref name=":7" />

The main goal of seduction whether it is active under [[Consciousness|conscious]] or [[unconscious mind|unconscious]] mechanisms is to impress the desired partner and display positive characteristics that are likely to be attractive, and to repress undesirable characteristics.<ref name=":7" />

=== Non-verbal communication ===
Within the interactive seduction game, non-verbal communication is a prominent feature in accessing the desirable potential mate. The purpose of this communication is to reduce the interpersonal distance between the desired individuals.

Physiological features such as [[Pupillary response|pupil dilation]]<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Tombs, S.|author2=Silverman, I.|name-list-style=amp|year=2004|title=Pupillometry: A sexual selection approach|journal=Evolution and Human Behavior|volume=25 |issue=4|pages=221–228|doi=10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2004.05.001}}</ref> are a salient cue, expressing attraction. Leading on from this, eye contact is a very notable sign of attraction. Although there are cross cultural differences in whether eye contact is used or not, in Western cultures, the duration of eye contact and the exchange between two individuals is important in the first stages of the biosocial model.
Another non-verbal cue in the process of seduction are facial expressions. [[Smile|Smiling]] is considered another prominent feature in seduction,<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal|author=Andersen, P. A.|year=1985|title=Nonverbal immediacy in interpersonal communication|journal=Multichannel Integrations of Nonverbal Behavior|pages=1–36}}</ref> as it signifies willingness to engage in a social interaction, and in the case of seduction, to participate in creating an intimate bond. These non-verbal behaviours become synchronised between the two individuals which can then lead to the last two stages of the biosocial model.

=== Paralingual features ===
[[Paralanguage|Paralingual]] features are those associated with the voice, such as [[pitch accent|pitch]], [[tone (linguistics)|tone]] and [[rhythm]].<ref name=":5" /> These features of verbal communication change in different stages of the seduction process. Studies have shown that when initiating an interaction with a female, the seductive characteristics of the voice will begin with slightly higher pitch and increased [[articulation (phonetics)|articulation]] in the first meeting. However, whilst seducing, the paralanguage will alter gradually. His voice will eventually become softer with lower pitch and modulated voice. These characteristics of the voice are akin to those adults use when speaking to children, in [[Infant-directed speech|infant directed speech]]. This is vocal exhibition, which has been found mostly in males. The aim of modulating the voice is to attract the desired female and become intimate.<ref name=":5">{{Cite journal|author=Kenrick, D. T.|author2=Groth, G. E.|author3=Trost, M. R.|author4=Sadalla, E. K.|name-list-style=amp|year=1993|title=Integrating evolutionary and social exchange perspectives on relationships: Effects of gender, self-appraisal, and involvement level on mate selection criteria|journal=Journal of Personality and Social Psychology|volume=64 |issue=6|pages=951–969|doi=10.1037/0022-3514.64.6.951}}</ref>