Editing Sharp-tailed grouse (section)

===Lekking habitat===
The lek, or dancing ground is, usually made up of short, relatively flat native vegetation.<ref>Hanowski, JAM, D.P. Christian, and G.J. Niemi. 2000. Landscape requirements of prairie sharp- tailed grouse Tympanuchus phasianellus campestris in Minnesota, USA. Wildlife Biology Vol. 6, no. 4, pp.&nbsp;257–263.</ref><ref name="Manske">Manske, L. L.; W. T. Barker. 1987. Habitat Usage by prairie grouse on the Sheyenne National Grasslands. pp.&nbsp;8–20. In: A. J. Bjugstad, tech. coord. Prairie Chickens on the Sheyenne National Grasslands. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-159. Fort Collins, CO: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station.</ref> Other habitat types utilized for leks are cultivated lands, recent burns, mowed sites, grazed hill tops, and [[wet meadow]]s.<ref name="Ammann">Ammann, G.A. 1957. The prairie grouse of Michigan. Michigan Department of Conservation technical bulletin.</ref><ref>Kobriger, G. D. 1965. Status, Movements, Habitats, and Foods of Prairie Grouse on a Sandhills Refuge. The Journal of Wildlife Management, Vol. 29, No. 4 (Oct., 1965), pp.&nbsp;788–800.</ref><ref name="Johnsgard-2" /><ref name="Johnsgard" /> Manske and Barker (1987) reported sun sedge (''[[Carex inops]]''), needle and thread grass (''[[Hesperostipa comata]]''), and blue grama (''[[Bouteloua gracilis]]'') on lekking grounds in the [[Sheyenne National Grassland]] in North Dakota.  The males also select for upland or midland habitat type on the tops of ridges or hills.<ref name="Manske" /> 
Leks surrounded by high residual vegetation were observed by Kirsch et al. (1973). They noticed lek distribution was influenced by the amount of tall residual vegetation adjacent to the lek. Lek sites eventually became abandoned if vegetation structure was allowed to get too high. The invasion of woody vegetation and trees into lekking arenas also caused displaying males to abandon leks.<ref name="Moyles" /><ref name="Swenson" /> Moyles (1981) observed an inverse relationship of lek attendance by males with an increase in quaking aspen (''[[Populus tremuloides]]'') within 0.8&nbsp;km of arenas in the Alberta parklands. Berger and Baydack (1992) also observed a similar trend in aspen encroachment where 50% (7 of 14) of leks were abandoned when aspen coverage increased to over 56 percent of the total area within 1&nbsp;km of the lek.  Males select hilltops, ridges, or any place with a good field of view for leks. So they can see the surrounding displaying males, approaching females to the dancing ground, and predators.<ref name="Johnsgard" /><ref name="Sisson" /><ref name="Manske" />