Editing Smuggling (section)

====Human trafficking and migration====
Each year, hundreds of thousands of migrants are moved illegally by highly organized international [[Smuggling organization|smuggling and trafficking groups]], often in dangerous or inhumane conditions. This phenomenon has been growing in recent years as people of [[Developing country|low income countries]] are aspiring to enter [[Developed country|developed countries]] in search of jobs. Migrant smuggling and human trafficking are two separate offences and differ in a few central respects. While "smuggling" refers to facilitating the illegal entry of a person into a State, "trafficking" includes an element of [[Exploitation of labour|exploitation]].

The trafficker retains control over the migrant—through force, fraud or coercion—typically in the sex industry, through forced labour or through other practices similar to slavery. Trafficking violates the idea of basic [[human rights]]. The overwhelming majority of those trafficked are women and children. These victims are commodities in a multibillion-dollar global industry. [[Organized crime|Criminal organizations]] are choosing to traffic human beings because, unlike other commodities, people can be used repeatedly and because trafficking requires little in terms of capital investment.

Smuggling is also reaping huge financial dividends to criminal groups who charge migrants massive fees for their services. Intelligence reports have noted that drug-traffickers and other criminal organizations are switching to human cargo to obtain greater profit with less risk.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/internationalcrime/human_trafficking-en.asp|title=Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling|access-date=1 March 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080624033124/http://www.dfait-maeci.gc.ca/internationalcrime/human_trafficking-en.asp|archive-date=2008-06-24}}</ref>

It is acknowledged that the smuggling of people is a growing global phenomenon.<ref>{{Cite thesis|url=https://hydra.hull.ac.uk/assets/hull:5823a/content|title=Human Trafficking: Women's Stories of Agency|last=Angelis|first=Maria De|type=Ph.D.|publisher=University of Hull|date=January 2012|access-date=2017-03-22|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170323054027/https://hydra.hull.ac.uk/assets/hull:5823a/content|archive-date=2017-03-23}}</ref> It is a [[transnational crime]]. Currently, economic instability appears to be the main reason for illegal migration movement throughout the world. Nevertheless, many of the willing migrants undertake the hazardous travel to their destination country with criminal syndicates specialized in people smuggling. These syndicates arrange everything for the migrants, but at a high price.

Very often the traveling conditions are inhumane: the migrants are overcrowded in trucks or boats and fatal accidents occur frequently. After their arrival in the destination country, their illegal status puts them at the mercy of their smugglers, which often force the migrants to work for years in the illegal labor market to pay off the debts incurred as a result of their transportation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.interpol.int/Public/THB/PeopleSmuggling/Default.asp |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20021012225301/http://www.interpol.int/public/thb/peoplesmuggling/default.asp |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 October 2002 |title=Internet / Home - INTERPOL |access-date=1 March 2015 }}</ref>