Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Spatial memory
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
==Visual–spatial distinction== Logie (1995) proposed that the [[Baddley's model of working memory|visuo-spatial sketchpad]] is broken down into two subcomponents, one visual and one spatial.<ref name = "Mammarella et al." /> These are the visual cache and the inner scribe, respectively.<ref name = "Mammarella et al." /> The visual cache is a temporary visual store including such dimensions as color and shape.<ref name = "Mammarella et al." /> Conversely, the inner scribe is a rehearsal mechanism for visual information and is responsible for information concerning movement sequences.<ref name = "Mammarella et al." /> Although a general lack of consensus regarding this distinction has been noted in the literature,<ref name = "Della Sala et al.">{{cite journal | last1 = Della Sala | first1 = S. | last2 = Gray | first2 = C. | last3 = Baddeley | first3 = A. | last4 = Allamano | first4 = N. | last5 = Wilson | first5 = L.| year = 1999 | title = Pattern span: a tool for unwelding visuo-spatial memory | journal = Neuropsychologia | volume = 37 | issue = 10| pages = 1189–1199 | doi = 10.1016/S0028-3932(98)00159-6 | pmid = 10509840 |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name = "Klauer et al.">{{cite journal | last1 = Klauer | first1 = K.C. | last2 = Zhao | first2 = Z.| year = 2004 | title = Double dissociations in visual and spatial short-term memory | doi= 10.1037/0096-3445.133.3.355 | pmid = 15355144 | journal = Journal of Experimental Psychology: General | volume = 133 | issue = 3| pages = 355–381 |display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref name = "Passolunghi et al.">{{cite journal | last1 = Passolunghi | first1 = M.C. | last2 = Mammarella | first2 = I.C.| year = 2010 | title = Spatial and visual working memory ability in children with difficulties in arithmetic word problem solving | journal = European Journal of Cognitive Psychology | volume = 22 | issue = 6| pages = 944–963 | doi = 10.1080/09541440903091127 |display-authors=etal}}</ref> there is a growing amount of evidence that the two components are separate and serve different functions.{{Citation needed|date=February 2023}} [[Visual memory]] is responsible for retaining visual shapes and colors (i.e., what), whereas spatial memory is responsible for information about locations and movement (i.e., where). This distinction is not always straightforward since part of visual memory involves spatial information and vice versa. For example, memory for object shapes usually involves maintaining information about the spatial arrangement of the features which define the object in question.<ref name = "Klauer et al." /> In practice, the two systems work together in some capacity but different tasks have been developed to highlight the unique abilities involved in either visual or spatial memory. For example, the visual patterns test (VPT) measures visual span whereas the Corsi Blocks Task measures spatial span. Correlational studies of the two measures suggest a separation between visual and spatial abilities, due to a lack of correlation found between them in both healthy and [[brain damaged]] patients.<ref name = "Della Sala et al." /> Support for the division of visual and spatial memory components is found through experiments using the [[dual-task paradigm]]. A number of studies have shown that the retention of visual shapes or colors (i.e., visual information) is disrupted by the presentation of irrelevant pictures or dynamic visual noise. Conversely, the retention of location (i.e., spatial information) is disrupted only by spatial tracking tasks, spatial tapping tasks, and eye movements.<ref name = "Klauer et al." /><ref name = "Passolunghi et al." /> For example, participants completed both the VPT and the Corsi Blocks Task in a selective interference experiment. During the retention interval of the VPT, the subject viewed irrelevant pictures (e.g., [[avant-garde]] paintings). The spatial interference task required participants to follow, by touching the stimuli, an arrangement of small wooden pegs which were concealed behind a screen. Both the visual and spatial spans were shortened by their respective interference tasks, confirming that the Corsi Blocks Task relates primarily to spatial working memory.<ref name = "Della Sala et al." />
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)