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Spectrophotometry
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===Experimental application=== As described in the applications section, spectrophotometry can be used in both qualitative and quantitative analysis of DNA, RNA, and proteins. Qualitative analysis can be used and spectrophotometers are used to record spectra of compounds by scanning broad wavelength regions to determine the absorbance properties (the intensity of the color) of the compound at each wavelength.<ref name=":2" /> One experiment that can demonstrate the various uses that visible spectrophotometry can have is the separation of Ξ²-galactosidase from a mixture of various proteins. Largely, spectrophotometry is best used to help quantify the amount of purification your sample has undergone relative to total protein concentration. By running an affinity chromatography, B-Galactosidase can be isolated and tested by reacting collected samples with [[Ortho-Nitrophenyl-Ξ²-galactoside]] (ONPG) and determining if the sample turns yellow.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|21β119}} Following this testing the sample at 420 nm for specific interaction with ONPG and at 595 for a Bradford Assay the amount of purification can be assessed quantitatively.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|21β119}} In addition to this spectrophotometry can be used in tandem with other techniques such as SDS-Page electrophoresis in order to purify and isolate various protein samples.
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