Editing Swarm behaviour (section)

===Swarm intelligence===
{{Main|Swarm intelligence}}

[[Swarm intelligence]] is the [[collective behaviour]] of [[decentralization|decentralized]], [[self-organization|self-organized]] systems, natural or artificial. The concept is employed in work on [[artificial intelligence]]. The expression was introduced by [[Gerardo Beni]] and Jing Wang in 1989, in the context of [[cellular automaton|cellular robotic]] systems.<ref>Beni, G., Wang, J. Swarm Intelligence in Cellular Robotic Systems, Proceed. NATO Advanced Workshop on Robots and Biological Systems, Tuscany, Italy, June 26–30 (1989)</ref>

Swarm intelligence systems are typically made up of a population of simple [[agent-based model in biology|agents]] such as [[boids]] interacting locally with one another and with their environment. The agents follow very simple rules, and although there is no centralized control structure dictating how individual agents should behave, local, and to a certain degree random, interactions between such agents lead to the [[emergence]] of intelligent global behaviour, unknown to the individual agents.

Swarm intelligence research is multidisciplinary. It can be divided into natural swarm research studying biological systems and artificial swarm research studying human artefacts. There is also a scientific stream attempting to model the swarm systems themselves and understand their underlying mechanisms, and an engineering stream focused on applying the insights developed by the scientific stream to solve practical problems in other areas.<ref>{{cite journal |last1= Dorigo |first1= M |last2= Birattari |first2= M |year= 2007 |title= Swarm intelligence |journal= Scholarpedia |volume= 2 |issue= 9 |page= 1462 |doi= 10.4249/scholarpedia.1462 |bibcode= 2007SchpJ...2.1462D|doi-access= free }}</ref>