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==Form== The depth of detail in tables of contents depends on the length, complexity, and type of work. For books and most other large written works, tables of contents come after the [[title page]], [[Copyright|copyright page]], and if appropriate, dedication and [[Epigraph (literature)|epigraph]] pages.{{Sfn|Chicago Manual of Style|2024|p=5}} Although they include everything after it, tables of contents never include anything before it.{{Sfn|Chicago Manual of Style|2024|p=23}} Depending on the complexity or length of the text, the table of contents will include the parts (groups of chapters), if applicable, chapters or section headings, and sometimes chapter or section subheadings.{{Sfn|Chicago Manual of Style|2024|p=24}} Formal reports (ten or more pages and being too long to put into a [[memorandum|memo]] or letter) also have a table of contents. Within an English-language book, the table of contents usually appears after the title page, [[copyright notice]]s, and, in technical journals, the [[abstract (summary)|abstract]]; and before any lists of tables or [[figure (publishing)|figures]], the [[foreword]], and the [[preface]]. Printed tables of contents indicate page numbers where each part starts, while digital ones offer [[Hyperlink|links]] to go to each part. The format and location of the page numbers is a matter of style for the publisher. If the page numbers appear after the heading text, they might be preceded by characters called ''[[leader (typography)|leaders]]'', usually dots or [[full stop|periods]], that run from the chapter or section titles on the opposite side of the page, or the page numbers might remain closer to the titles. In some cases, the page number appears before the text. In the case of [[Anthology|anthologies]] or other compilations of works by different authors, each section's contributors are usually listed along with the title of the section.{{Sfn|Chicago Manual of Style|2024|p=23β24}} Matter preceding the table of contents is generally not listed there. However, all pages except the outside cover are counted, and the table of contents is often numbered with a lowercase Roman numeral page number.
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