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Timothy Pickering
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===Attacking Embargo policy=== Near the end of his only term as a senator, Pickering challenged Jefferson's [[Embargo Act]], reviving his plan for a convention of the New England states to oppose the act and potentially secede from the union.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Adams |first=Henry |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RX81AQAAMAAJ&dq=timothy+pickering+new+england+confederation&pg=PA402 |title=History of the United States of America: The second administration of Thomas Jefferson, 1805-1809 |date=1893 |publisher=C. Scribner's |pages=402β404 |language=en}}</ref> He held several conferences with the special British envoy [[George Henry Rose|George Rose]] and proposed the creation of a pro-British party in New England and urged Rose to persuade British Foreign Secretary [[George Canning]] to maintain his hard line against America with the hopes that Jefferson would resort to even more extreme measures, which would ultimately effect a political suicide for the Republicans. Pickering also published his open letter to the Massachusetts Republican governor, which he refused even to read; it contained harsh criticism of the Embargo Act, claimed that Jefferson had presented no real arguments for its enactment, and called for its nullification by the state legislators.<ref>[[#McDonald76|McDonald,1976]], pp. 147β148</ref> Pickering was charged with reading confidential documents in an open Senate session before an [[closed sessions of the United States Senate|injunction of secrecy]] had been removed.{{specify|date=August 2018}} In response to that charge, the Senate [[censure in the United States|censured]] Pickering by a vote of 20β7 on January 2, 1811.<ref>{{Cite web|title = U.S. Senate: Expulsion and Censure|url = https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Expulsion_Censure.htm|website = www.senate.gov|access-date = October 11, 2015}}</ref>
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