Editing Transmigration program (section)

===Social and political===
Transmigration in Indonesia covers various regions throughout the country, including Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara region, and Papua.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Abadi |first1=Riki |last2=Hardoyo |first2=Su Rito |last3=Giyarsih |first3=Sri Rum |date=August 17, 2016 |title=PERSEPSI DAN MOTIVASI MASYARAKAT LOKAL TERHADAP PROGRAM TRANSMIGRASI PASCA KONFLIK DI KABUPATEN ACEH BARAT PROVINSI ACEH |url=https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/kawistara/article/download/15586/10394 |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=Jurnal Kawistara |publisher=Universitas Gadjah Mada}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Lampung |first=TIM IT Diskominfotik Provinsi |title=Sejarah Singkat Program Transmigrasi Indonesia |url=https://museumketransmigrasian.lampungprov.go.id/detail-post/sejarah-singkat-program-transmigrasi-indonesia |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=UPTD MUSEUM KETRANSMIGRASIAN |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Sulawesi, kepulauan Tujuan Transmigrasi Asal Jatim |url=https://kominfo.jatimprov.go.id/berita/sulawesi-kepulauan-tujuan-transmigrasi-asal-jatim |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=Dinas Komunikasi dan Informatika Provinsi Jawa Timur |language=id}}</ref> The program was originally intended to reduce density in densely populated areas such as Java and Bali and to develop the economy in relatively sparsely populated areas, which were considered to have great potential in the agriculture, plantation, and fisheries sectors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transmigration in Indonesia: an update |url=https://www.downtoearth-indonesia.org/old-site/ctrans.htm |access-date=2024-11-08 |website=www.downtoearth-indonesia.org}}</ref>

However, transmigration often triggers social conflict, especially with indigenous people in the destination area. Indigenous people often feel marginalized and lose access to land and natural resources that are an important part of their lives.<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Ridayat |last2=Rochmat |first2=Saefur |last3=Basr |first3=Laode Ali |date=May 2021 |title=Social Phenomena Between Local Transmigrant Communities and Regional Transmigrant Communities (1994-2020) in Kasimpa Jaya Village, Kec. South Tiworo, Kab. West Muna) |url=https://www.bircu-journal.com/index.php/birle/article/download/1852/pdf |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=BIRLE Journal |publisher=BIRCU Publisher}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Sarmita |first=I Made |date=June 1, 2014 |title=POTENSI KONFLIK DI DAERAH TUJUAN TRANSMIGRASI (KASUS SAMPIT DAN MESUJI) |url=https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/MKG/article/view/11422/7318 |access-date=6 November 2024 |website=E-Journal Undiksha |publisher=Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Budianto |first=Aan |date=March 2020 |title=KETEGANGAN SOSIAL DI LAMPUNG AKIBAT PROGRAM TRANSMIGRASI DI ERA 1950an |url=https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/candi/article/viewFile/41327/27062 |access-date=8 November 2024 |website=Jurnal Candi |publisher=Universitas Sebelas Maret}}</ref>

The program has resulted in communal clashes between ethnic groups that have come into contact through transmigration. For example, in 1999, the local Dayaks and Malays clashed against the transmigrant Madurese during the [[Sambas riots]] and the Dayaks and Madurese clashed again in 2001 during the [[Sampit conflict]], resulting in thousands of deaths and thousands of Madurese being displaced.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Achmad Ubaedillah |title=When ethnicity is stronger than religion: A look into Dayaks and Madurese conflicts in Kalimantan, Indonesia |journal=Refleksi |publisher=[[Syarif Hidayatullah State Islamic University Jakarta]] |date=October 2022 |volume=21 |issue=2 |pages=285–304 |doi=10.15408/ref.v21i2.34795 |url=https://journal.uinjkt.ac.id/index.php/refleksi/article/view/34795  |issn=2714-6103|doi-access=free }}</ref>