Editing Valencian language (section)

==== Vowels ====
[[File:Valencian vowel chart.svg|thumb|180px|Vowels of Valencian, from {{harvnb|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=23}}]]
{| class="wikitable"
|+ {{nowrap|Vowels of Valencian}}{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=23}}{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=52}}<ref name="Lacreu i Cuesta 2002 40–4">{{Citation |last=Lacreu i Cuesta |first=Josep |title=Manual d'ús de l'estàndard oral |pages=40–4 |year=2002 |trans-title=Manual for the use of the oral standard |chapter=Valencian |edition=6th |place=Valencia |publisher=Universitat de València |isbn=84-370-5390-0}}.</ref><ref name="EOV (2002)">{{cite web|url=http://www.avl.gva.es/PDF/Diccionari/Oral.pdf|title=''L'estàndard oral del valencià''|year=2002|publisher=[[Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100930022057/http://www.avl.gva.es/PDF/Diccionari/Oral.pdf
 |archive-date = 30 September 2010
}}</ref>
!|
! scope="col" | [[Front vowel|Front]]
! scope="col" | [[Back vowel|Back]]
|- align=center
! scope="row" rowspan ="2" | Close
| {{IPA link|i}}
| {{IPA link|u}}
|- align=center
| {{IPA link|e}}
| {{IPA link|o}}
|- align=center
! rowspan="2" scope="row" | Open
| {{IPA link|æ|ɛ}}
| {{IPA link|ɒ|ɔ}}
|- align=center
| colspan="2" | {{IPA link|ɐ|a}}
|}

* The stressed vowel system of Valencian (V) is the same as that of Eastern Catalan (EC):
** {{IPA|/a/}}, {{IPA|/e/}}, {{IPA|/ɛ/}}, {{IPA|/i/}}, {{IPA|/o/}}, {{IPA|/ɔ/}}, and {{IPA|/u/}} (with {{IPA|/ɛ/}} and {{IPA|/ɔ/}} being considerably lower than in EC).{{sfn|Recasens|1996|p=58}}

:; Close (and close-mid) vowels
:* The vowels {{IPA|/i/}} and {{IPA|/u/}} are more open and centralised than in Spanish.
:** This effect is more pronounced in unstressed syllables, where the phones are best transcribed {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|ɪ}}, {{IPAplink|ʊ}}]}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=65-69, 141-142}} (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|x'''i'''quet}} {{IPA|[t͡ʃɪˈket]}} 'boy'). As the process is completely predictable, the latter symbols are not used elsewhere in the article.
:*** (Due to the proximity of unstressed close and/or close-mid/mid vowels, non-standard colloquial Valencian may feature further lowerings producing vowel alterations or [[metathesis (linguistics)|metathesis]], e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|piscina}} → *{{lang|ca-valencia|pescina}} 'pool').{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=46}}
:* The vowel {{IPA|/e/}} is somewhat retracted {{IPAblink|e|e̠}} and {{IPA|/o/}} is somewhat advanced {{IPAblink|o|o̟}} both in stressed and unstressed syllables (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|m'''e'''tr'''o'''}} {{IPA|[ˈme̠tɾo̟]}} 'metro').
:** {{IPA|/e/}} and {{IPA|/o/}} can be realised as mid vowels {{IPA|[{{IPAplink|e̞}}, {{IPAplink|o̞}}]}} in some cases. This occurs more often with {{IPA|/o/}} (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|am'''o'''r}} {{IPA|[aˈmo̞ɾ]}} 'love').{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=69-77, 135-140}}

:; Open vowels
:* The so-called "[[mid-open vowel|open vowels]]", {{IPA|/ɛ/}} and {{IPA|/ɔ/}}, are generally as low as {{IPA|/a/}} in most Valencian dialects. The phonetic realisations of {{IPA|/ɛ/}} approaches {{IPAblink|æ}} and {{IPA|/ɔ/}} is as open as {{IPAblink|ɒ}} (as in traditional [[Received Pronunciation|RP]] ''d'''o'''g''). This feature is also found in [[Balearic dialect|Balearic]].{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=81-90, 130-133}} For a list showing the frequency of these vowels, see [[cases where /ɛ/ and /ɔ/ are found in Valencian]].
:** {{IPA|/ɛ/}} is slightly more open and centralised before liquids {{IPA|/l, ɾ, r/}} (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|v'''e'''rdes}} {{IPA|[ˈvæɾðes]}} 'greens') and in monosyllabics ({{lang|ca-valencia|s'''e'''t}} {{IPA|[ˈsæt]}} 'seven').{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=27}}
:** {{IPA|/ɔ/}} is most often a back vowel ({{lang|ca-valencia|s'''o'''c}} {{IPA|[ˈsɒk]}} 'clog', {{lang|ca-valencia|b'''o'''u}} {{IPA|[ˈbɒw]}} 'bull').
:*** In some dialects (including Balearic) {{IPA|/ɔ/}} can be unrounded ({{IPA|[ˈsɑk]}}, {{IPA|[ˈbɑw]}}).{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=29}}
:* The vowel {{IPA|/a/}} is slightly more fronted and closed than in Central EC (but less fronted and closed than in Majorcan). The precise phonetic realisation of the vowel {{IPA|/a/}} in Valencian is [{{IPA link|ɐ}} ~ {{IPA link|ä}}], this vowel is subject to assimilation in many instances.{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=90-104}}
:** Stressed {{IPA|/a/}} can be retracted to {{IPAblink|ɑ}} in contact with velar consonants (including the velarised {{IPAblink|ɫ}}):{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=90-104}} {{lang|ca-ca-valencia|p'''a'''l}} {{IPA|[ˈpɑl]}} ('stick'); and fronted to {{IPAblink|a}} in contact with palatals:{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=90-104}} {{lang|ca-ca-valencia|ny'''a'''p}} {{IPA|[ˈɲap]}} ('botched job'). This is not transcribed in the article.
:*** The palatal pronunciation of {{IPA|/a/}} may merge with {{IPA|/ɛ/}} by some speakers: {{lang|ca-valencia|r'''a'''ig}} {{IPA|[ˈræt͡ʃ]}} ('ray').{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|pp=24-25}}

:; Vowel reduction
:* There are five general unstressed vowels {{IPA|/a, e, i, o, u/}} (rare instances of {{IPA|/ɛ/}} and {{IPA|/ɔ/}} are found through compounding and vowel harmony). Although unstressed vowels are more stable than in EC dialects, there are many cases where they merge:{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=59-142}}
:** {{IPA|/a/}}: final unstressed {{IPA|/a/}} may have the following values: [{{IPA link|ɜ|ɛ̈}} ~ {{IPA link|ɞ|ɔ̈}} ~ {{IPA link|ɐ|ä̝}}] (phonetically {{IPA|[ɜ ~ ɞ ~ ɐ]}}, and traditionally transcribed without diacritics and/or atypical characters: {{IPA|/ɛ, ɔ, a/}} for simplicity), depending on the preceding sounds and/or dialect (see vowel harmony [[#Anchor vowel harmony|below]]).
:*** In some regions of the Valencian Community (especially Southern Valencian) unstressed {{IPA|/a/}} followed by stressed {{IPA|/i/}} becomes {{IPAblink|ə}}: {{lang|ca-valencia|r'''a'''ïm}} {{IPA|[rəˈim]}} ('grape'). {{Harvcoltxt|Beltran i Calvo|2000}} states,{{sfn|Saborit i Vilar|2009|p=131}} that final {{IPA|/a/}} is close to {{IPA|[ə]}} in some towns of Marina Alta: {{lang|ca-valencia|xic'''a'''}} {{IPA|[ˈt͡ʃikə]}} ('girl').
:** {{IPA|/e/}}: unstressed {{IPA|/e/}} and {{IPA|/ɛ/}} may be realised as {{IPA|/a/}} (phonetically {{IPA|[a]}}, {{IPA|[ɐ̃]}}, {{IPA|[ɑ̃]}}, etc.) in initial position in contact with sibilants, nasals and certain approximants and liquids (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|'''e'''ixam}} {{IPA|[ajˈʃam]}} 'swarm').
:*** Similarly (although not recommended by the AVL), unstressed  {{IPA|/e/}} and {{IPA|/ɛ/}} merges with {{IPA|/i/}} (phonetically {{IPA|[ɪ]}}) in contact with palatal consonants (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|g'''e'''noll}} {{IPA|[d͡ʒiˈnoʎ]}} 'knee'), and especially (in this case it is accepted) in lexical derivation with the suffix {{lang|ca-valencia|-ix'''e'''ment}} (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|coneix'''e'''ment}} {{IPA|[konejʃiˈment]}} 'knowledge').
:**** In the standard ({{IPA|/e/}} → {{IPA|/i/}} {{IPA|[ɪ]}}) is only accepted in words with the suffix {{lang|ca-valencia|-ixement}}).{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|pp=45-47}}
:** {{IPA|/i/}}: it is more open and centralised {{IPA|[ɪ]}} in unstressed position.
:** {{IPA|/o/}}: unstressed {{IPA|/o/}} and {{IPA|/ɔ/}} may be realised as {{IPA|/u/}} (phonetically {{IPA|[ʊ]}}) before labial consonants (e.g. ''c'''o'''berts'' {{IPA|[kuˈbɛɾ(t)s]}} 'cutlery'), before a stressed syllable with a high vowel (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|s'''o'''spira}} {{IPA|[susˈpiɾa]}} 'they sighs') and in some given names (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|J'''o'''sep}} {{IPA|[d͡ʒuˈzɛp]}} 'Joseph').
:*** (Note in some colloquial speeches initial unstressed {{IPA|/o/}} can diphthongise to {{IPA|[aw]}}, {{lang|ca-valencia|'''o'''lor}} {{IPA|[awˈloɾ]}}) 'smell ([[noun|n]].)'). This is regarded as non-standard.
:** {{IPA|/u/}}: it is more open and centralised {{IPA|[ʊ]}} in unstressed position.

::; Elision and diphthongisation
::* In certain cases, unstressed {{IPA|/a/}} and {{IPA|/e/}} become silent when followed or preceded by a stressed vowel:
::** Unstressed {{IPA|/a/}}: {{lang|ca-valencia|quin'''a''' hora és?}} {{IPA|[ˌkin‿ˈɔɾɔ ˈes]}} or {{IPA|[ˌkin‿ˈɔɾa ˈes]}} ('what time is it?')
::** Unstressed {{IPA|/e/}}: {{lang|ca-valencia|est'''e''' home}} {{IPA|[ˌest‿ˈɔme]}} ('this man').
::* In some accents, vowels occurring at the end of a [[prosodic unit]] may be realised as centring diphthongs for special emphasis, so that {{lang|ca-valencia|Eh tu! Vine ací}} 'Hey you! Come here!' may be pronounced {{IPA|[ˈe ˈtuə̯ ˈvine a̯ˈsiə̯]}}. The non-syllabic {{IPA|[a̯]}} (phonetically {{IPA|[ɐ̯]}}) is unrelated to this phenomenon as it is an unstressed non-syllabic allophone of {{IPA|/a/}} that occurs after vowels, much like in Spanish.

:; Vowel harmony {{Anchor|Anchor vowel harmony}}
:* Many Valencian dialects feature some sort of [[vowel harmony]] ({{lang|ca-valencia|harmonia vocàlica}}). This process is normally progressive (i.e. preceding vowels affect those pronounced afterwards) over the last unstressed vowel of a word; e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|t'''e'''l'''a'''}} {{IPA|/ˈtɛla/}} > {{IPA|[ˈtɛlɛ]}} 'fabric, cloth', {{lang|ca-valencia|h'''o'''r'''a'''}} {{IPA|/ˈɔɾa/}} > {{IPA|[ˈɔɾɔ]}} 'hour'. However (although regarded as non-standard), there are cases where regressive metaphony occurs over pretonic vowels; e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|'''a'''f'''e'''ct'''a'''}} {{IPA|/aˈfɛkta/}} > {{IPA|[ɛˈfɛktɛ]}} 'affects', {{lang|ca-valencia|t'''o'''v'''a'''ll'''o'''l'''a'''}} {{IPA|/tovaˈʎɔla/}} > {{IPA|[tɔvɔˈʎɔlɔ]}} 'towel'.
:** Vowel harmony differs greatly from dialect to dialect, while many varieties assimilate both to the height and the quality of the preceding stressed vowel (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|terra}} {{IPA|[ˈtɛrɛ]}} 'Earth, land' and {{lang|ca-valencia|dona}} {{IPA|[ˈdɔnɔ]}} 'woman'); in other varieties, it is just the height that assimilates, so that {{lang|ca-valencia|terra}} and {{lang|ca-valencia|dona}} can be realised with either {{IPA|/ɛ/}} ({{IPA|[ˈtɛrɛ]}} and/or {{IPA|[ˈdɔnɛ]}}) or with {{IPA|/ɔ/}} ({{IPA|[ˈtɛrɔ]}} and/or {{IPA|[ˈdɔnɔ]}}), depending on the region and speaker.{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|pp=34-36}}
:*** In some subvarieties the unstressed vowels produced by vowel harmony may actually be higher than the stressed ones (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|port'''a'''}} {{IPA|[ˈpɔɾtɔ̝]}} 'door').
:* In a wider sense, vowel assimilations can occur in further instances (that is all or most instances of final unstressed {{IPA|/а/}}, regardless of the preceding sounds and involving palatalisation and/or velarisation): {{lang|ca-valencia|xic'''a'''}} {{IPA|[ˈt͡ʃikɛ]}} or {{IPA|[ˈt͡ʃikɔ]}} ('girl'). This is considered non-standard.

:; Other sound changes
::; Vowel nasalisation and lengthening
::* All vowels are phonetically nasalised between nasal consonants or when preceding a syllable-final nasal (e.g. {{lang|ca-ca-valencia|dium'''e'''nge}} {{IPA|[diwˈmẽɲd͡ʒe]}}, colloquial {{IPA|[duˈmẽɲd͡ʒe]}} 'Sunday').{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=59-142}}
::* Vowels can be lengthened in some contexts{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=59-142}} (e.g. {{lang|ca-valencia|c'''oo'''rdinació}} {{IPA|[koːɾðinasiˈo]}} 'co-ordination').

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:auto"
|+Main vocalic allophones{{sfn|Saborit Vilar|2009|p=?}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=59-142}}
|-
! [[Phoneme]]
! [[Allophone]]
! Usage
! Example
! English
|-
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/a/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=90-104}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ä] ~ [ɐ]}} || - Found in most instances || {{lang|ca-valencia|m'''à'''}} || {{lang|en|hand}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[a]}} || - Before/after palatals, may be higher {{IPA|[æ]}} (both in stressed and unstressed position) || {{lang|ca-valencia|ny'''a'''p}} || {{lang|en|botched job}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ã]}} || {{No wrap|- Same than {{IPA|[a]}}, but followed by a nasal; may be higher {{IPA|[æ̃]}} (both in stressed and unstressed position)}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|ll'''a'''mp}} || {{lang|en|lightning}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɑ]}} || - Before/after velars, usually higher in unstressed position {{IPA|[ʌ]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|po'''a'''l}} || {{lang|en|bucket}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɑ̃]}} || - Same than {{IPA|[ɑ]}}, but followed by a nasal; usually higher in unstressed position {{IPA|[ʌ̃]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|s'''a'''ng}} || {{lang|en|blood}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɐ]}} || - In unstressed position || {{lang|ca-valencia|'''a'''bans}} || {{lang|en|before}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɐ̃]}} || - Nasal {{IPA|[ɐ]}}; that is, {{IPA|[ɐ]}} followed by or in between nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|ll'''a'''nçat}}  || {{lang|en|thrown}} 
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɛ̈] ~ [ɔ̈]}} || - Final unstressed syllables (vowel harmony), may be lower {{IPA|[ɛ̞̈]}} and {{IPA|[ɔ̞̈]}} || {{no wrap|{{lang|ca-valencia|terr'''a'''}} / {{lang|ca-valencia|don'''a'''}}}} || {{lang|en|Earth, land}}; {{lang|en|woman}}
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/ɛ/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=81-90}} 
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[æ]}} || - Before liquids and in monosyllabic terms || {{lang|ca-valencia|s'''e'''t}} || {{lang|en|seven}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[æ̃]}} || - Before nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|d'''e'''ns}}  || {{lang|en|dense}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɛ]}} || - Rest of cases, may be lower {{IPA|[ɛ̞]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|t'''e'''si}}  || {{lang|en|thesis}}
|-
| rowspan="9" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/e/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=69-77}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[e]}} || - Found in stressed and unstressed syllables, may be lower {{IPA|[e̞]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|s'''e'''c}}  || {{lang|en|dry}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ẽ]}} || - In stressed and unstressed position followed by or in between nasals, may be lower {{IPA|[ẽ̞]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|l'''e'''nt}}  || {{lang|en|slow}}
|- 
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[a]}} || - In some cases, in initial unstressed position before palatals; may be higher {{IPA|[æ]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|'''e'''ixam}}  || {{lang|en|swarm}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɐ]}} || - In some cases, in unstressed position || {{lang|ca-valencia|t'''e'''rrós}}  || {{lang|en|earthy}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɐ̃]}} || - In some cases, in initial unstressed position before nasals (except velar nasals) || {{lang|ca-valencia|'''e'''ntén}}  || {{lang|en|they understands}}
|- 
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɑ]}} || - In some cases, in unstressed position in contact with velars; may be higher {{IPA|[ʌ]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|cl'''e'''vill}}   || {{lang|en|crevice}}
|- 
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɑ̃]}} || - In some cases, in initial unstressed position before velar nasals; may be higher {{IPA|[ʌ̃]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|'''e'''nclusa}} || {{lang|en|anvil}}
|- 
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɪ]}} || - Found in the suffix -''ixement'' || {{lang|ca-valencia|naix'''e'''ment}}  || {{lang|en|birth}}
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/i/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=65-69}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[i]}} || - Especially found in stressed syllables || {{lang|ca-valencia|s'''i'''s}}  || {{lang|en|six}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ĩ]}} || - Nasal {{IPA|[i]}}; that is, {{IPA|[i]}} followed by or in between nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|d'''i'''ns}}  || {{lang|en|in, within, inside}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɪ]}} || - Unstressed position || {{lang|ca-valencia|x'''i'''quet}}  || {{lang|en|boy}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɪ̃]}} || - Nasal {{IPA|[ɪ]}}; that is, {{IPA|[ɪ]}} followed by or in between nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|m'''i'''nvar}}  || {{lang|en|to decrease, to wane}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[j]}} || - Unstressed position before/after vowels || {{lang|ca-valencia|'''i'''ogurt}} || {{lang|en|yoghurt}}
|-
| rowspan="4" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/ɔ/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=130-133}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɒ]}} || - Found before stops and in monosyllabic terms || {{lang|ca-valencia|r'''o'''ig}} || {{lang|en|red}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɒ̃]}} || - Before nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|p'''o'''nt}} || {{lang|en|bridge}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ɔ]}} || - Rest of cases, may be lower {{IPA|[ɔ̞]}} || {{lang|ca-valencia|d'''o'''na}} || {{lang|en|woman}}
|-
| rowspan="7" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/o/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=135-140}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[o]}} || - Found in stressed and unstressed syllables || {{lang|ca-valencia|m'''o'''lt}} || {{lang|en|much, very}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[õ]}} || - Nasal {{IPA|[o]}}; that is, {{IPA|[o]}} followed by or in between nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|'''o'''n}} || {{lang|en|where}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[o̞]}} || - Found in the suffix -''dor'' and in coda stressed syllables <!-- ({{IPA|[õ̞]}} in between nasals or before a final nasal) --> || {{lang|ca-valencia|canç'''ó'''}} || {{lang|en|song}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ʊ]}} || - Unstressed position before labials, a syllable with a high vowel and in some given names || {{lang|ca-valencia|J'''o'''sep}} || {{lang|en|Joseph}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ʊ̃]}} || - Same as {{IPA|[ʊ]}}, but followed by a nasal || {{lang|ca-valencia|c'''o'''mplit}} || {{lang|en|to fulfill}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ew]}} || - Found in most cases with the weak pronoun ''ho'' || {{lang|ca-valencia|h'''o'''}}  || {{lang|en|it}}
|-
| rowspan="6" style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|/u/}}{{sfn|Recasens|1996|pp=141-142}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[u]}} || - Especially found in stressed syllables || {{lang|ca-valencia|ll'''u'''ç}} || {{lang|en|hake}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ũ]}} || - Nasal {{IPA|[u]}}; that is, {{IPA|[u]}} followed by or in between nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|f'''u'''m}} || {{lang|en|smoke}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ʊ]}} || - Unstressed position || {{lang|ca-valencia|s'''u'''car}} || {{lang|en|to soak, to dip}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[ʊ̃]}} || - Nasal {{IPA|[ʊ]}}; that is, {{IPA|[ʊ]}} followed by or in between nasals || {{lang|ca-valencia|m'''u'''ntó}} || {{lang|en|a lot}}
|-
| style="text-align:center;"| {{IPA|[w]}} || - Unstressed position before/after vowels || {{lang|ca-valencia|te'''u'''a}} || {{lang|en|your}} (f.)
|}