Editing Vote pairing (section)

==== 2016 United States presidential election ====
{{main article |Vote pairing in the 2016 United States presidential election}}
In 2016, four substantial vote swapping campaigns appeared. Two of these campaigns hoped to swap votes from [[Hillary Clinton|Clinton]] supporters in safe states with supporters of third parties, such as [[NeverTrump]] [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] voters:

* The #NeverTrump app, created by Amit Kumar, sought to exchange votes between Clinton voters in safe states and third-party voters in swing states, in order to prevent [[Donald Trump]] from being elected.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Third-party voters are "trading votes" with Clinton voters to defeat Trump |last1=Crockett |first1=Zachary |newspaper=Vox |date=November 3, 2016 |url=https://www.vox.com/policy-and-politics/2016/11/3/13478042/third-party-clinton-vote-trading}}</ref> Kumar claimed that 16,000 people had signed up to trade. On November 8, the #NeverTrump app listed 10,568 "active traders", including about 550 people in [[Florida]], 600 in [[Pennsylvania]], and 250 in [[North Carolina]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Election 2016: Trading Votes on an App, and Trusting a Friend |first1=Quoctrung |last1=Bui |date=November 8, 2016 |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/09/upshot/election-2016-trading-votes-on-an-app-and-trusting-a-friend.html}}</ref>
* TrumpTraders.org, created by Republicans for Clinton in 2016 (R4C16), sought to exchange votes between Clinton voters in safe states and third-party voters in swing states, in order to prevent [[Donald Trump]] from being elected. TrumpTraders.org claimed that, by October 31, more than 10,000 voters had signed up.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Trump Traders: Like Tinder, but for swapping your swing state vote |newspaper=[[Miami Herald]] |first1=Vera |last1=Bergengruen |date=October 31, 2016 |url=http://www.miamiherald.com/news/politics-government/election/article111674002.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123054438/https://www.miamiherald.com/news/politics-government/election/article111674002.html}}</ref> In November, TrumpTraders.org offered a 2:1 exchange rate, such that one third-party supporter could vote for Clinton, and in exchange, two Clinton supporters would vote for that third party.<ref>{{cite web |title=Trump Traders |publisher=TrumpTraders.org |date=November 9, 2016 |url=https://trumptraders.org/trade/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161102161910/https://trumptraders.org/trade/}}</ref> After the election, TrumpTraders.org claimed that over 45,000 voters had signed up, including 5,000 in Florida.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Trump Traders |publisher=TrumpTraders.org |date=November 9, 2016 |url=https://trumptraders.org/trade/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 15, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115124049/https://trumptraders.org/trade/ |quote=45,000+ voters signed up to trade including 5,000+ in florida alone thanks everyone!}}</ref>

Two campaigns hoped to swap votes between one Democratic voter and one Republican voter, who would both agree to vote for a third party candidate such as [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]] candidate [[Gary Johnson]] or [[Green Party of the United States|Green]] candidate [[Jill Stein]]:

* Balanced Rebellion, created by libertarian [[super PAC]] AlternativePAC, sought to pair one disgruntled Trump voter and one disgruntled Clinton voter, who would both agree to vote for Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson.<ref name="HackmanGuiltFreeVoting2">{{cite news |title=Match Game: Website Promises Guilt-Free Voting for Gary Johnson |date=August 26, 2016 |publisher=[[Wall Street Journal]] |last1=Hackman |first1=Michelle |url=https://blogs.wsj.com/washwire/2016/08/26/johnson-backers-launch-bid-to-woo-disaffected-but-wary-democrats-and-republicans/}}</ref><ref name="StanleyAbeLincoln2">{{cite news |title=Abe Lincoln Trashes Clinton and Trump in This Insane Ad for Libertarian Gary Johnson |date=August 29, 2016 |publisher=[[AdWeek]] |last1=Stanley |first1=T.L. |url=http://www.adweek.com/adfreak/abe-lincoln-trashes-clinton-and-trump-insane-ad-libertarian-gary-johnson-173174}}</ref><ref name="WeigelAdsHope2">{{cite news |title=Libertarians hope rallies and ads can nudge them into the presidential debates |date=August 27, 2016 |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |last1=Weigel |first1=David |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/libertarians-hope-rallies-and-ads-can-nudge-them-into-the-presidential-debates/2016/08/27/2517567c-6b9d-11e6-8225-fbb8a6fc65bc_story.html}}</ref><ref name=Doherty2016 /> On September 7, 2016, AlternativePAC leader Matt Kibbe claimed that 66,429 people had signed up (33,393 Democrats, 33,036 Republicans) and 61,638 people had successfully matched (in 30,819 matches).<ref name=Doherty2016>{{Cite news |title=Pro-Gary Johnson "Balanced Rebellion" Ad Viral Sensation of this Political Cycle |last=Doherty |first=Brian |date=September 8, 2016 |newspaper=Reason.com |url=http://reason.com/blog/2016/09/07/pro-gary-johnson-balanced-rebellion-ad-v}}</ref>
* VotePact.org, created in 2000 by [[Sam Husseini]], sought to pair one disgruntled Trump voter and one disgruntled Clinton voter, who would both agree to vote for a third party candidate of their choice.<ref>{{Cite news |title=What Is VotePact? It's A Smart Route For Disillusioned Third-Party Voters |last1=LaTour |first=Amée |date=May 3, 2016 |newspaper=[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]] |url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/158570-what-is-votepact-its-a-smart-route-for-disillusioned-third-party-voters}}</ref> However, VotePact had no process for matching voters beyond providing a common Facebook page.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vote Pact |publisher=VotePact.org |url=http://www.votepact.org/about/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=November 17, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117225827/http://www.votepact.org/about/ |quote=How does this work? Are you hooking people up? Right now we’re not hooking people up, but we’ve set up a FaceBook page that might help people do that.}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Organization
! Type of swap encouraged
! Signup count
! People matched
|-
! #NeverTrump
| Swap between third-party voter in swing state (to vote for Clinton) and Democratic voter in safe state (to vote for third party)
| 16,000
| 
|-
! TrumpTraders.org
| Swap between third-party voter in swing state (to vote for Clinton) and Democratic voter in safe state (to vote for third party)
| 45,000
| 
|-
! Balanced Rebellion
| Pair between 1 disgruntled Democrat and 1 disgruntled Republican, to both vote Libertarian
| 66,429
| 61,638
|-
! VotePact
| Pair between 1 disgruntled Democrat and 1 disgruntled Republican, to both vote third-party
| no matching system
| 
|}