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===Pericarp xanthones and potential health effects=== According to a 2006 warning by the US [[Food and Drug Administration]], XanGo's distributors had illegally used marketing materials to promote mangosteen juice claiming more than 20 human health benefits, including "anti-inflammatory," "anti-microbial," "anti-fungal," "anti-viral," "anti-cancer," "anti-ulcer," "anti-hepatotoxic," "anti-rhinoviral," and "anti-allergic" effects.<ref name="FDA-warning">[http://www.casewatch.org/fdawarning/prod/2006/xango.shtml U.S. Food and Drug Administration warning letter], September 20, 2006</ref> Promotional literature for the product cites [[antioxidants]] from the inedible pericarp of the fruit as providing health benefits. None of these claims, however, has scientific proof established by [[peer-reviewed]] research and human [[clinical trials]], as discussed below. The [[American Cancer Society]] profile of mangosteen juice stated there was no reliable evidence that mangosteen juice, purée, or bark is effective as a [[cancer treatment]] in humans.<ref>"[http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3x_Mangosteen_Juice.asp?sitearea=ETO Profile of Mangosteen Juice] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203212952/http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_3x_Mangosteen_Juice.asp?sitearea=ETO |date=2007-02-03 }}." American Cancer Society], revised June 1, 2005. Retrieved February 16, 2007.</ref> As of April 2013, it also stated that the mangosteen "fruit has been shown to be rich in antioxidants. Very early laboratory studies suggest it may have promise as a topical treatment for acne. Early small laboratory and animal studies suggest that further research should be done to determine whether it can help to prevent cancer in humans."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/complementaryandalternativemedicine/pharmacologicalandbiologicaltreatment/mangosteen-juice|title = Complementary and Alternative Medicine | American Cancer Society}}</ref> In 2009, XanGo scientific adviser, David Morton, participated in a four-part debate on the disputed claims of mangosteen health benefits.<ref name=Crown1>{{cite journal | title = Beyond the Mangosteen: A Future Full of Color | author=Crown I |journal=Engredea News and Analysis, NewHope 360 |date=April 1, 2009|url= http://newhope360.com/food-amp-beverage/beyond-mangosteen-future-full-color | access-date = 2010-01-04}}</ref><ref name=Morton>{{cite journal | title = Mangostana - Commentary on the Mangosteen | author=Morton DA |journal=Engredea News and Analysis, NewHope 360 |date=April 16, 2009|url= http://newhope360.com/news/g-mangostana-commentary-mangosteen | access-date = 2010-01-04}}</ref><ref name=Crown2>{{cite journal | title = A Rebuttal on Mangosteen | author=Crown I |journal=Engredea News and Analysis, NewHope 360 |date=May 5, 2009|url= http://newhope360.com/news/rebuttal-mangosteen | access-date = 2010-01-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = The Mangosteen Controversy | author1=Gross P |author2=Crown I |journal=Engredea News and Analysis, NewHope 360 |date=May 21, 2009|url= http://newhope360.com/supplements/mangosteen-controversy | access-date = 2010-01-04}}</ref>
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