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1947 in science
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==Physics== * June – The [[Doomsday Clock]] of the ''[[Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists]]'' is introduced. * June 2 – The [[Shelter Island Conference]] on the Foundations of [[Quantum Mechanics]] convenes in [[New York (state)|New York State]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www7.nationalacademies.org/archives/shelterisland.html|title=The Shelter Island Conference|publisher=The National Academies|accessdate=4 July 2010 <!--DASHBot-->|archive-date=1 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100401055459/http://www7.nationalacademies.org/archives/shelterisland.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> * August 15 – '[[GLEEP]]' (the Graphite Low Energy Experimental Pile) experimental [[nuclear reactor]] runs for the first time at the [[Atomic Energy Research Establishment]], [[Harwell, Oxfordshire]], the first reactor to operate in [[Western Europe]]. * December 20 – The discovery of [[kaon]] is published in [[Nature (journal)|''Nature'' (journal)]]. * [[Harold Urey]], [[Jacob Bigeleisen]], and [[Maria Mayer]] introduce the [[Urey–Bigeleisen–Mayer equation]], a model for approximating [[isotope fractionation]].<ref name="richet1977">{{cite journal | last1 = Richet | first1 = P. | last2 = Bottinga | first2 = Y. | last3 = Javoy | first3 = M. | title = A Review of Hydrogen, Carbon, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Sulphur, and Chlorine Stable Isotope Fractionation Among Gaseous Molecules | journal = Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences | year = 1977 | volume = 5 | pages = 65–110 | doi = 10.1146/annurev.ea.05.050177.000433 | bibcode = 1977AREPS...5...65R}}</ref><ref name="urey1947">{{cite journal | last = Urey | first = H.C. | title = The Thermodynamic Properties of Isotopic Substances | journal = Journal of the Chemical Society | year = 1947 | pages = 562–581 | doi = 10.1039/JR9470000562 | pmid = 20249764}}</ref><ref name="bigeleisen1947">{{cite journal | title = Calculation of Equilibrium Constants for Isotopic Exchange Reactions | last1 = Bigeleisen | first1 = J. | last2 = Mayer | first2 = M.G. | journal = The Journal of Chemical Physics | volume = 15 | issue = 5 | year = 1947 | pages = 261–267 | doi = 10.1063/1.1746492 | bibcode = 1947JChPh..15..261B| hdl = 2027/mdp.39015074123996 | hdl-access = free }}</ref>
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