Editing Apologetics (section)

===Islam===
{{See also|Kalam}}
'''Ilm al-Kalām'', literally "science of discourse",<ref name="Wolfson">Winter, Tim J. "Introduction." Introduction. The Cambridge Companion to Classical Islamic Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 2008. 4–5. Print.</ref> usually foreshortened to ''kalam'' and sometimes called ''Islamic scholastic theology'', is an Islamic undertaking born out of the need to establish and defend the tenets of Islamic faith against skeptics and detractors.<ref>Madeleine Pelner Cosman, Linda Gale Jones, Handbook to Life in the Medieval World, p 391. {{ISBN|1438109075}}</ref> A scholar of ''kalam'' is referred to as a ''mutakallim'' (plural ''mutakallimūn'') as distinguished from philosophers, jurists, and scientists.<ref>Clinton Bennett, The Bloomsbury Companion to Islamic Studies, p 119. {{ISBN|1441127887}}.</ref>