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Apricot
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=== Cultivation practices=== [[File:Dried apricot fruits in the field (Fergana, Uzbekistan).jpg|thumb|Drying apricot fruits ([[Fergana]], [[Uzbekistan]])]] Apricots have a chilling requirement of 300 to 900 [[chilling unit]]s. A dry climate is good for fruit maturation. The tree is slightly more cold-hardy than the [[peach]], tolerating winter temperatures as cold as {{convert|-30|°C}} or lower if healthy. However, large differences are observed between cultivars in frost resistance.<ref name="FH">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bakos J, Ladányi M, Szalay L | title = Frost hardiness of flower buds of 16 apricot cultivars during dormancy | journal = [[Folia Horticulturae]] | volume = 36 | issue = 1 | pages = 81–93 | date = April 2024 | pmid = | doi = 10.2478/fhort-2024-0005| publisher = Polish Society of Horticultural Science | s2cid = | doi-access = free }}</ref> They are hardy in [[Hardiness zone#United States hardiness zones (USDA scale)|USDA zones]] 5 through 8. A limiting factor in apricot culture is spring [[frost]]s: They tend to flower very early (in early March in western Europe), and spring frost can kill flowers or before flower buds in different stages of development.<ref name="FH"/> Furthermore, the trees are sensitive to temperature changes during the winter season. In China, winters can be very cold, but temperatures tend to be more stable than in [[Europe]] and especially [[North America]], where large temperature swings can occur in winter. [[Hybrid (biology)|Hybridization]] with the closely related ''[[Prunus sibirica]]'' (Siberian apricot; hardy to {{convert|-50|°C}} but with less palatable fruit) offers options for breeding more cold-tolerant plants.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Prunus+sibirica |title=Prunus sibirica Siberian Apricot PFAF Plant Database |work=pfaf.org |access-date=2013-11-17 |archive-date=2021-11-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211116010950/https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Prunus+sibirica |url-status=live }}</ref> They prefer well-drained soils with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apricots |url=https://www.rhs.org.uk/fruit/apricots/grow-your-own |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=www.rhs.org.uk |language=en-gb}}</ref> Apricot cultivars are usually [[grafting|grafted]] onto plum or peach rootstocks. The cultivar [[wiktionary:scion|scion]] provides the fruit characteristics, such as flavor and size, but the [[rootstock]] provides the growth characteristics of the plant. Some of the more popular US apricot cultivars are 'Blenheim', 'Wenatchee Moorpark', 'Tilton', and 'Perfection'. Some apricot cultivars are self-compatible, so do not require pollinizer trees; others are not: 'Moongold' and 'Sungold', for example, must be planted in pairs so they can pollinate each other.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Herrera |first1=Sara |last2=Lora |first2=Jorge |last3=Hormaza |first3=José I. |last4=Herrero |first4=Maria |last5=Rodrigo |first5=Javier |date=2018 |title=Optimizing Production in the New Generation of Apricot Cultivars: Self-incompatibility, S-RNase Allele Identification, and Incompatibility Group Assignment |journal=Frontiers in Plant Science |volume=9 |page=527 |doi= 10.3389/fpls.2018.00527|pmid=29755489 |pmc=5935046 |issn=1664-462X|doi-access=free |bibcode=2018FrPS....9..527H }}</ref> Hybridisors have created what is known as a "black apricot" or "purple apricot", (''[[Prunus dasycarpa]]''), a hybrid of an apricot and the cherry plum (''[[Prunus cerasifera]]''). Other apricot–plum hybrids are variously called [[Pluot|plumcots, apriplums, pluots, or apriums]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-01-10 |title=Adorable Apricots – The Essential Guide to probably everything you need to know about growing Apricot – Prunus armeniaca |url=https://www.permaculturenews.org/2023/01/10/adorable-apricots-the-essential-guide-to-probably-everything-you-need-to-know-about-growing-apricot-prunus-armeniaca/ |access-date=2023-01-27 |website=The Permaculture Research Institute |language=en-US}}</ref>
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