Editing Bernoulli's principle (section)

== Applications ==
[[File:Cloud over A340 wing.JPG|thumb|right|Condensation visible over the upper surface of an [[Airbus A340]] wing caused by the increase in [[relative humidity]] [[Gay-Lussac's law#Pressure-temperature law|accompanying]] the fall in pressure and temperature]]
In modern everyday life there are many observations that can be successfully explained by application of Bernoulli's principle, even though no real fluid is entirely inviscid,<ref name="Thomas2010">{{cite journal|journal=Physics Today|date= May 2010|title=The Nearly Perfect Fermi Gas|first= John E.|last= Thomas|volume= 63|issue= 5|pages= 34–37|url=https://physics.ncsu.edu/jet/publications/pdf/Physicstoday2010May.pdf|doi= 10.1063/1.3431329|bibcode= 2010PhT....63e..34T}}</ref> and a small viscosity often has a large effect on the flow.

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*Bernoulli's principle can be used to calculate the lift force on an [[airfoil]], if the behaviour of the fluid flow in the vicinity of the foil is known. For example, if the air flowing past the top surface of an aircraft wing is moving faster than the air flowing past the bottom surface, then Bernoulli's principle implies that the pressure on the surfaces of the wing will be lower above than below. This pressure difference results in an upwards [[lift (force)|lifting force]].{{efn|"When a stream of air flows past an airfoil, there are local changes in velocity round the airfoil, and consequently changes in static pressure, in accordance with Bernoulli's Theorem. The distribution of pressure determines the lift, pitching moment and form drag of the airfoil, and the position of its centre of pressure."<ref name="Clancy1975" />{{rp|at= § 5.5}} }}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Resnick |first1=R. |last2=Halliday |first2=D. |date=1960 |title=Physics |at=section 18–5 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |location=New York |quote=[[Streamlines, streaklines, and pathlines|Streamlines]] are closer together above the wing than they are below so that Bernoulli's principle predicts the observed upward dynamic lift.}}</ref> Whenever the distribution of speed past the top and bottom surfaces of a wing is known, the lift forces can be calculated (to a good approximation) using Bernoulli's equations,<ref name="Eastlake">{{Cite journal
 | last1=Eastlake
 | first1=Charles N.
 | title=An Aerodynamicist's View of Lift, Bernoulli, and Newton
 | url=http://www.df.uba.ar/users/sgil/physics_paper_doc/papers_phys/fluids/Bernoulli_Newton_lift.pdf
 | journal=The Physics Teacher
 | volume=40
 | issue=3
 | pages=166–173
 | date=March 2002
 | doi=10.1119/1.1466553
| bibcode=2002PhTea..40..166E
 }} "The resultant force is determined by integrating the surface-pressure
distribution over the surface area of the airfoil."</ref> which were established by Bernoulli over a century before the first man-made wings were used for the purpose of flight.
*The basis of a [[carburetor]] used in many [[reciprocating engine]]s is a throat in the air flow to create a region of low pressure to draw fuel into the carburetor and mix it thoroughly with the incoming air. The low pressure in the throat can be explained by Bernoulli's principle, where air in the throat is moving at its fastest speed and therefore it is at its lowest pressure. The carburetor may or may not use the difference between the two static pressures which result from the Venturi effect on the air flow in order to force the fuel to flow, and as a basis a carburetor may use the difference in pressure between the throat and local air pressure in the float bowl, or between the throat and a Pitot tube at the air entry.
*An [[injector]] on a [[steam locomotive]] or a static [[boiler]]. 
*The [[pitot tube]] and [[Pitot-static system|static port]] on an aircraft are used to determine the [[airspeed]] of the aircraft. These two devices are connected to the [[airspeed indicator]], which determines the dynamic pressure of the airflow past the aircraft. Bernoulli's principle is used to calibrate the airspeed indicator so that it displays the [[indicated airspeed]] appropriate to the dynamic pressure.<ref name="Clancy1975" />{{rp|at= § 3.8}}
*A [[De Laval nozzle]] utilizes Bernoulli's principle to create a force by turning pressure energy generated by the combustion of [[Rocket propellant|propellants]] into velocity. This then generates thrust by way of [[Newton's laws of motion|Newton's third law of motion]].
*The flow speed of a fluid can be measured using a device such as a Venturi meter or an [[orifice plate]], which can be placed into a pipeline to reduce the diameter of the flow. For a horizontal device, the continuity equation shows that for an incompressible fluid, the reduction in diameter will cause an increase in the fluid flow speed. Subsequently, Bernoulli's principle then shows that there must be a decrease in the pressure in the reduced diameter region. This phenomenon is known as the [[Venturi effect]].
*The maximum possible drain rate for a tank with a hole or tap at the base can be calculated directly from Bernoulli's equation and is found to be proportional to the square root of the height of the fluid in the tank. This is [[Torricelli's law]], which is compatible with Bernoulli's principle. Increased viscosity lowers this drain rate; this is reflected in the discharge coefficient, which is a function of the [[Reynolds number]] and the shape of the orifice.<ref>{{cite book|title=Mechanical Engineering Reference Manual|edition=9th}}</ref>
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*The [[Bernoulli grip]] relies on this principle to create a non-contact adhesive force between a surface and the gripper.
*During a [[cricket]] match, [[Bowling (cricket)|bowlers]] continually polish one side of the ball. After some time, one side is quite rough and the other is still smooth. Hence, when the ball is bowled and passes through air, the speed on one side of the ball is faster than on the other, and this results in a pressure difference between the sides; this leads to the ball rotating ("swinging") while travelling through the air, giving advantage to the bowlers.