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Bleeding
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====Massive hemorrhage==== Although there is no universally accepted definition of massive hemorrhage, the following can be used to identify the condition: "(i) blood loss exceeding circulating blood volume within a 24-hour period, (ii) blood loss of 50% of circulating blood volume within a 3-hour period, (iii) blood loss exceeding 150 ml/min, or (iv) blood loss that necessitates plasma and platelet transfusion."<ref name="pmid21490815">{{cite journal | vauthors = Irita K | title = Risk and crisis management in intraoperative hemorrhage: Human factors in hemorrhagic critical events | journal = Korean J Anesthesiol | volume = 60 | issue = 3 | pages = 151β60 | date = March 2011 | pmid = 21490815 | pmc = 3071477 | doi = 10.4097/kjae.2011.60.3.151 }}</ref>
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