Editing Business process (section)

===Business process re-engineering===
{{main|Business process re-engineering}}
[[Business process re-engineering]] (BPR) was originally conceptualized by Hammer and Davenport as a means to improve organizational effectiveness and productivity. It can involve starting from a "blank slate" and completely recreating major business processes, or it can involve comparing the "as-is" process and the "to-be" process and mapping the path for change from one to the other.<ref>Chartered Institute of Management Accountants, [https://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/48_Change_Management.pdf Topic Gateway No. 48: Change Management], page 6, published 2008, accessed 2 February 2020</ref> Often BPR will involve the use of information technology to secure significant performance improvement. The term unfortunately became associated with corporate "downsizing" in the mid-1990s.<ref name="KockProcess99">{{cite book |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q2MWwin1QSYC&pg=PA18 |chapter=Chapter 2: What Is a Process? |title=Process Improvement and Organizational Learning: The Role of Collaboration Technologies |author=Kock, N.F. |publisher=Idea Group Publishing |year=1999 |pages=17–28 |isbn=9781878289582}}</ref>