Editing Calorie restriction (section)

===Non-human primates===
A calorie restriction study started in 1987 by the [[National Institute on Aging]] showed that calorie restriction did not extend years of life or reduce age-related deaths in non-obese [[rhesus macaque]]s.<ref name="NIA2012">{{Cite web |last=[[National Institutes of Health]] |date=2012-08-29 |title=NIH study finds calorie restriction does not affect survival |url=https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/nih-study-finds-calorie-restriction-does-not-affect-survival |access-date=May 17, 2016}}</ref> It did improve certain measures of health, however.<ref name="NYTimes2014">{{Cite web |last=Nicholas Wade |date=April 1, 2014 |title=Diet's Link to Longevity: After 2 Studies Diverge, a Search for Consensus |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/02/science/a-new-salvo-in-debate-over-caloric-restrictions-and-longevity.html |access-date=May 17, 2016 |newspaper=The New York Times}}</ref> These results were publicized as being different from the Wisconsin rhesus macaque calorie restriction study, which also started in 1987 and showed an increase in the lifespan of rhesus macaques following calorie restriction.<ref name="NIA2012" />

In a 2017 report on rhesus monkeys, caloric restriction in the presence of adequate nutrition was effective in delaying the effects of aging.<ref name="Mattison2017">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Mattison JA, Colman RJ, Beasley TM, Allison DB, Kemnitz JW, Roth GS, Ingram DK, Weindruch R, de Cabo R, Anderson RM |date=January 2017 |title=Caloric restriction improves health and survival of rhesus monkeys |journal=Nature Communications |volume=8 |issue=1 |pages=14063 |bibcode=2017NatCo...814063M |doi=10.1038/ncomms14063 |pmc=5247583 |pmid=28094793}}</ref><ref name="sd">{{Cite press release |title=Calorie restriction lets monkeys live long and prosper |date=17 January 2017 |publisher=University of Wisconsin-Madison |url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170117140105.htm |work=ScienceDaily}}</ref> Older age of onset, female sex, lower body weight and fat mass, reduced food intake, diet quality, and lower [[fasting]] [[blood glucose]] levels were factors associated with fewer disorders of aging and with improved survival rates.<ref name=Mattison2017/> Specifically, reduced food intake was beneficial in adult and older primates, but not in younger monkeys.<ref name=Mattison2017/> The study indicated that caloric restriction provided health benefits with fewer age-related disorders in elderly monkeys and, because rhesus monkeys are genetically similar to humans, the benefits and mechanisms of caloric restriction may apply to human health during aging.<ref name="Mattison">{{Cite journal |display-authors=6 |vauthors=Mattison JA, Roth GS, Beasley TM, Tilmont EM, Handy AM, Herbert RL, Longo DL, Allison DB, Young JE, Bryant M, Barnard D, Ward WF, Qi W, Ingram DK, de Cabo R |date=September 2012 |title=Impact of caloric restriction on health and survival in rhesus monkeys from the NIA study |journal=Nature |volume=489 |issue=7415 |pages=318–321 |bibcode=2012Natur.489..318M |doi=10.1038/nature11432 |pmc=3832985 |pmid=22932268}}</ref><ref name="Vaughan">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Vaughan KL, Kaiser T, Peaden R, Anson RM, de Cabo R, Mattison JA |date=December 2017 |title=Caloric Restriction Study Design Limitations in Rodent and Nonhuman Primate Studies |journal=The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences |volume=73 |issue=1 |pages=48–53 |doi=10.1093/gerona/glx088 |pmc=5861872 |pmid=28977341}}</ref>