Editing Compression artifact (section)

== Artistic use ==
Compression artifacts may intentionally be used as a visual style, sometimes known as "[[glitch art]]". [[Rosa Menkman]]'s glitch art makes use of [[compression artifacts]],<ref name="Menkman">{{cite book |last1=Menkman |first1=Rosa |title=The Glitch Moment(um) |url=https://networkcultures.org/_uploads/NN%234_RosaMenkman.pdf |publisher=Institute of Network Cultures |isbn=978-90-816021-6-7 |date=October 2011 |access-date=19 October 2019}}</ref> particularly the [[discrete cosine transform]] blocks (DCT blocks) found in most [[digital media]] [[data compression]] formats such as JPEG [[digital images]] and [[MP3]] [[digital audio]].<ref name="Alikhani">{{cite web |last1=Alikhani |first1=Darya |title=Beyond resolution: Rosa Menkman's glitch art |url=http://postmatter.merimedia.com/articles/archive-2012-2016/2015/51-rosa-menkman/ |website=POSTmatter |date=April 1, 2015 |access-date=19 October 2019 |archive-date=19 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019082218/http://postmatter.merimedia.com/articles/archive-2012-2016/2015/51-rosa-menkman/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> In still images, an example is ''Jpegs'' by German photographer [[Thomas Ruff]], which uses intentional [[JPEG]] artifacts as the basis of the picture's style.<ref>''jpegs'', [[Thomas Ruff]], ''Aperture'', May 31, 2009, 132 pp., {{ISBN|978-1-59711-093-8}}</ref><ref>[http://jmcolberg.com/weblog/2009/04/review_jpegs_by_thomas_ruff/ Review: jpegs by Thomas Ruff], by [[Jörg Colberg]], April 17, 2009</ref> 

In [[video art]], one technique used is ''datamoshing'', where two videos are interleaved so intermediate frames are interpolated from two separate sources. Another technique involves simply transcoding from one lossy video format to another, which exploits the difference in how the separate video codecs process motion and color information.<ref>{{cite web|author=Anoniem zei |url=http://rosa-menkman.blogspot.com/2009/02/from-compression-artifact-to-filter.html |title=From compression artifact to filter |publisher=Rosa-menkman.blogspot.com |date=2009-02-19 |access-date=2011-12-23}}</ref> The technique was pioneered by artists [[Bertrand Planes]] in collaboration with Christian Jacquemin in 2006 with DivXPrime,<ref>{{cite web |last=Jacquemin |first=Christian | title =Le bug dans l'oeuvre DivXPrime de Bertrand Planes: Invention et mutation. In, Ivan Toulouse and Daniel Danétis, editors, Eurêka: Le moment de l'invention, un dialogue entre art et science, L'Harmattan, Paris |pages=245–256 | year =2008 | url =http://perso.limsi.fr/jacquemi/FTP/jacquemin_Eureka.pdf | access-date = 5 November 2012}}</ref> Sven König, [[Takeshi Murata]], [[Jacques Perconte]] and Paul B. Davis in collaboration with [[Paperrad]], and more recently used by [[David OReilly (artist)|David OReilly]] and within [[music video]]s for [[Chairlift (band)|Chairlift]] and by [[Nabil Elderkin]] in the "[[Welcome to Heartbreak]]" music video for [[Kanye West]].<ref>[http://rhizome.org/editorial/2380 Pixel Bleed], by John Michael Boling. [[Rhizome (organization)|Rhizome]]. February 25, 2009.</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Rodriguez |first=Jayson |url=http://www.mtv.com/news/articles/1605281/20090218/west_kanye.jhtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090219090104/http://www.mtv.com//news//articles//1605281//20090218//west_kanye.jhtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=19 February 2009 |title=Kanye West Rushes New Video Onto His Web Site&nbsp;– MTV News |publisher=Mtv.com |date=2009-02-18 |access-date=2011-12-23}}</ref>

There is also a genre of [[internet meme]]s where often nonsensical images are purposefully heavily compressed sometimes multiple times for comedic effect. Images created using this technique are often referred to as "deep fried."<ref>{{Cite web|title=How to Deep-Fry a Meme|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/how-to-deep-fry-a-meme/|last=Matsakis|first=Louise|date=30 August 2017|work=[[Vice (magazine)|Vice]]|access-date=27 July 2021}}</ref>

<gallery widths="200" heights="200">
File:Glitch video.ogg|Video glitch art (epilepsy warning)
File:DATAMOSH STREET.webm|Example of datamoshing
File:DeepfriedPepsiCan.jpg|An example of a "deep fried" image made from a photo of a can of [[Diet Pepsi]]
</gallery>