Editing Condom (section)

=== Infertility treatment{{anchor|Infertility treatment}} ===
<!-- [[Conception device]] links to anchor Infertility treatment -->
Common procedures in [[infertility]] treatment such as [[semen analysis]] and [[Artificial insemination|intrauterine insemination]] (IUI) require [[semen collection|collection of semen samples]]. These are most commonly obtained through [[masturbation]], but an alternative to masturbation is use of a special ''collection condom'' to collect semen during sexual intercourse.

Collection condoms are made from [[Silicone rubber|silicone]] or [[polyurethane]], as latex is somewhat harmful to sperm.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Organisation |first1=World Health |title=WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination of Human Semen and Sperm-Cervical Mucus Interaction |date=1999 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-64599-7 |page=5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dEfWhZZcC0AC&pg=PA5 |access-date=29 May 2020 |archive-date=29 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210829120350/https://www.google.com/books/edition/WHO_Laboratory_Manual_for_the_Examinatio/dEfWhZZcC0AC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=latex+affects+sperm&pg=PA5 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Religious views on masturbation|Some religions prohibit masturbation entirely]]. Also, compared with samples obtained from masturbation, semen samples from collection condoms have higher total sperm counts, sperm motility, and percentage of sperm with normal morphology. For this reason, they are believed to give more accurate results when used for semen analysis, and to improve the chances of pregnancy when used in procedures such as intracervical or intrauterine [[Artificial insemination|insemination]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=8288490 |year=1993 |last1=Sofikitis |first1=Nikolaos V. |title=Endocrinological, biophysical, and biochemical parameters of semen collected via masturbation versus sexual intercourse |journal=Journal of Andrology |volume=14 |issue=5 |pages=366–373 |last2=Miyagawa |first2=Ikuo |doi=10.1002/j.1939-4640.1993.tb00402.x |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=4054324 |year=1985 |last1=Zavos |first1=P. M. |title=Seminal parameters of ejaculates collected from oligospermic and normospermic patients via masturbation and at intercourse with the use of a Silastic seminal fluid collection device |journal=Fertility and Sterility |volume=44 |issue=4 |pages=517–520 |doi=10.1016/S0015-0282(16)48923-5|doi-access=free }}</ref> Adherents of religions that prohibit contraception, such as [[Catholicism]], may use collection condoms with holes pricked in them.<ref name="kippley" />{{Rp|306–307}}

For fertility treatments, a collection condom may be used to collect semen during [[sexual intercourse]] where the semen is provided by the woman's partner. Private [[sperm donors]] may also use a collection condom to obtain samples through masturbation or by sexual intercourse with a partner and will transfer the ejaculate from the collection condom to a specially designed container. The sperm is transported in such containers, in the case of a donor, to a recipient woman to be used for insemination, and in the case of a woman's partner, to a fertility clinic for processing and use. However, transportation may reduce the fecundity of the sperm. Collection condoms may also be used where semen is produced at a sperm bank or fertility clinic.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

''Condom therapy'' is sometimes prescribed to infertile couples when the female has high levels of [[antisperm antibodies]]. The theory is that preventing exposure to her partner's semen will lower her level of antisperm antibodies, and thus increase her chances of pregnancy when condom therapy is discontinued. However, condom therapy has not been shown to increase subsequent pregnancy rates.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1111/j.1439-0272.1979.tb02229.x |pmid=532982 |title=Experimental Findings with Spermantibodies: Condom Therapy (A Case Report) |journal=Andrologia |volume=11 |issue=6 |pages=413–416 |year=2009 |last1=Franken |first1=D.R. |last2=Slabber |first2=C.F. |s2cid=34730913|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=7060795 |year=1982 |last1=Greentree |first1=L. B. |title=Antisperm antibodies in infertility: The role of condom therapy |journal=Fertility and Sterility |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=451–452 |doi=10.1016/S0015-0282(16)46117-0|doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |pmid=33920 |year=1978 |last1=Kremer |first1=J. |title=Treatment of infertility caused by antisperm antibodies |journal=International Journal of Fertility |volume=23 |issue=4 |pages=270–276 |last2=Jager |first2=S. |last3=Kuiken |first3=J.}}</ref>