Editing Cyclodextrin (section)

==History==
[[Image:beta-cyclodextrin3D.png|thumb|upright|Space filling model of β-cyclodextrin.]]
Cyclodextrins were called "cellulosine" when first described by A. Villiers in 1891.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Villiers A | title = Sur la transformation de la fécule en dextrine par le ferment butyrique | journal = Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. | volume = 1891 | pages = 536–8 }}</ref> Soon after, F. Schardinger identified the three naturally occurring cyclodextrins: α, β, and γ, referred to as "Schardinger sugars". For 25 years, between 1911 and 1935, Hans Pringsheim in Germany was the leading researcher in this area,<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Crini G | title=Twenty years of dextrin research: a tribute to Professor Hans Pringsheim (1876–1940) | journal=Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=98 | issue=1–2 | date=26 July 2020 | doi=10.1007/s10847-020-01013-x| pages=11–27| s2cid=220774604 }}</ref> demonstrating that cyclodextrins formed stable aqueous complexes with many other chemicals. By the mid-1970s, each of the natural cyclodextrins had been structurally and chemically characterized and many more complexes had been studied. Since the 1970s, extensive work has been conducted by Szejtli and others exploring encapsulation by cyclodextrins and their derivatives for industrial and pharmacologic applications.<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Szejtli J |title=Cyclodextrin Technology | volume = 1 |date=1988 |publisher=Kluwer Academic Publishers |location=Dordrecht; Boston |isbn=978-90-277-2314-7}} {{page needed|date=April 2013}}</ref> Among the processes used for complexation, the kneading process seems to be one of the best.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Gil A, Chamayou A, Leverd E, Bougaret J, Baron M, Couarraze G | title = Evolution of the interaction of a new chemical entity, eflucimibe, with gamma-cyclodextrin during kneading process | journal = European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences | volume = 23 | issue = 2 | pages = 123–129 | date = October 2004 | pmid = 15451000 | doi = 10.1016/j.ejps.2004.06.002 | s2cid = 31860374 | url = https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01632796/file/Evolution_of_the_interaction_of_a_new_chemical_entity.pdf }}</ref>