Editing Diamond anvil cell (section)

==Uses==
[[File:Researcher using diamond anvil cell.jpg|thumb|Researcher using a diamond anvil cell to study materials under deep Earth conditions.<ref name=DCOdecadal>{{cite report |collaboration=Deep Carbon Observatory |title=Deep Carbon Observatory: A decade of discovery |doi=10.17863/CAM.44064 |date=2019 |location=Washington, DC |url=https://deepcarbon.net/deep-carbon-observatory-decade-discovery |access-date=13 December 2019|last1=Anonymous }}</ref>]]
Prior to the invention of the diamond anvil cell, static high-pressure apparatus required large hydraulic presses which weighed several tons and required large specialized laboratories. The simplicity and compactness of the DAC meant that it could be accommodated in a wide variety of experiments. Some contemporary DACs can easily fit into a [[cryostat]] for low-temperature measurements, and for use with a [[superconducting]] [[electromagnet]]. In addition to being hard, [[diamonds]] have the advantage of being transparent to a wide range of the [[electromagnetic spectrum]] from [[infrared]] to [[gamma rays]], with the exception of the far [[ultraviolet]] and [[Soft x-ray microscopy|soft X-rays]]. This makes the DAC a perfect device for [[spectroscopic]] experiments and for [[crystallography|crystallographic studies]] using hard [[X-rays]].

A variant of the diamond anvil, the hydrothermal diamond anvil cell (HDAC) is used in experimental petrology/geochemistry for the study of aqueous fluids, silicate melts, immiscible liquids, mineral solubility and aqueous fluid speciation at geologic pressures and temperatures. The HDAC is sometimes used to examine aqueous complexes in solution using the synchrotron light source techniques [[XANES]] and [[EXAFS]]. The design of HDAC is very similar to that of DAC, but it is optimized for studying liquids.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=Bassett, W.A. |display-authors=etal |year=1993 |title=A new diamond anvil cell for hydrothermal studies to 2.5&nbsp;GPa and from −190 to 1200&nbsp;°C |journal=Review of Scientific Instruments |volume=64 |issue=8 |pages=2340–2345 |bibcode=1993RScI...64.2340B |doi=10.1063/1.1143931 |url=https://zenodo.org/record/1231840 |type=Submitted manuscript}}</ref>