Editing Dominant-party system (section)

==Formerly dominant parties==
===North America===
*'''{{flag|Canada}}:''' 
**'''{{flag|Alberta}}:''' 
***The [[Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta]] (often referred to [[colloquially]] as the Progressive Conservative Party of Alberta or the Alberta PC Party) formed the provincial government, without interruption, from [[1971 Alberta general election|1971]] until the party's defeat in the [[2015 Alberta general election|2015 provincial election]].<ref name="List of MLAs">{{cite web|title=List of MLAs|url=http://www.albertapc.ab.ca/admin/contentx/default.cfm?h=10383&PageId=4|work=Pc Alberta|access-date=April 18, 2013}}</ref> At 44 years, this was the longest unbroken run in government for a political party at the provincial or federal level in Canadian history.
***In 2017, the Alberta PC Party merged with Alberta's other major centre-right party, the [[Wildrose Party]], to become the [[United Conservative Party]] (UCP). The UCP has formed the provincial government since [[2019 Alberta general election|2019]], winning their second consecutive election in [[2023 Alberta general election|2023]].
**'''{{flag|Ontario}}:'''
***The [[Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario]] (known colloquially as the Ontario PC Party or simply as the "Tories") enjoyed a 43-year unbroken stretch as the party that formed the provincial government from 1943 to 1985. The party in particular was at its most powerful under the [[Red Tory]] principles of premier [[Bill Davis]] from 1971 to 1985; its dominance led the party to be nicknamed "The Big Blue Machine" during this era.
***The Ontario PC Party would regain power from 1995 to 2002 under [[Blue Toryism|Blue Tory]] premier [[Mike Harris]] and his brief successor [[Ernie Eves]], and has formed the provincial government since [[2018 Ontario general election|2018]] under [[Doug Ford]], winning elections in [[2022 Ontario general election|2022]] and [[2025 Ontario general election|2025]] as well.
*'''{{flag|Mexico}}:''' 
**The [[Institutional Revolutionary Party]] (PRI) and its predecessors Partido Nacional Revolucionario (PNR) (1929–1938) and Partido de la Revolución Mexicana (PRM) (1938–1946) in Mexico held the [[President of Mexico|presidency]] from [[1929 Mexican presidential election|1929]] to [[2000 Mexican general election|2000]]. The party governed all [[States of Mexico|states]] until 1989 and controlled both chambers of [[Congress of the Union|congress]] until 1997. As of 2023, the PRI has continued an uninterrupted hold of the governorship in one state: [[Coahuila]].
**The [[Liberal Party (Mexico)|Liberal Party]], later known as the National [[Porfirio Díaz|Porfirist]] Party, ruled consistently from 1867 to 1911. 
*'''Southern {{flag|United States}}:'''
** After [[Reconstruction era|Reconstruction]] through the [[Jim Crow era]], and until the 1990s in non-presidential elections, the South (usually defined as coextensive with the former [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]]) was known as the "[[Solid South]]" due to its states' exceptionally reliable support of the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]], enabled in part by significant amounts of [[voter suppression]] and outright election subversion during Jim Crow.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Maxwell |first1=Angie |url=https://www.amazon.com/Long-Southern-Strategy-American-Politics-ebook/dp/B07RWP3D3V/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=the+long+southern+strategy&qid=1690421291&sprefix=the+long+sotuhern+%2Caps%2C107&sr=8-1 |title=The Long Southern Strategy: How Chasing White Voters in the South Changed American Politics |last2=Shields |first2=Todd |date=June 24, 2019 |publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Mickey |first1=Robert |url=https://www.amazon.com/Paths-Out-Dixie-Democratization-Authoritarian-ebook/dp/B007BOK3A0/ref=tmm_kin_swatch_0?_encoding=UTF8&qid=&sr= |title=Paths Out of Dixie: The Democratization of Authoritarian Enclaves in America's Deep South, 1944-1972 |date=February 19, 2015|publisher=Princeton University Press }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Trende |first1=Sean |title=Misunderstanding the Southern realignment |url=https://www.realclearpolitics.com/articles/2010/09/09/misunderstanding_the_southern_realignment_107084.html |website=Real Clear Politics}}</ref>

===Caribbean and Central America===
*'''{{flag|Antigua and Barbuda}}''': The [[Antigua Labour Party]] in Antigua and Barbuda, 1960–1971 and 1976–2004. They are currently ruling, but may not be yet considered dominant. 
*'''{{flag|Barbados}}''': The [[Barbados Labour Party]] in the [[Barbados]] from 1994 to 2008.They are currently ruling, but may not be yet considered dominant. The [[Democratic Labour Party (Barbados)|Democratic Labour Party]] from 1961 to 1976.
*'''{{flag|Bahamas}}''': The [[Progressive Liberal Party]] in the [[Bahamas]] from 1967 to 1992
*'''{{flag|Bermuda}}''': The [[United Bermuda Party]] in [[Bermuda]] from 1968 to 1998.
*'''{{flag|Costa Rica}}''':
**The [[National Republican Party (Costa Rica)|National Republican Party]] ruled Costa Rica between 1932 and 1948. 
**The [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]] is often referred as the hegemonic or dominant party between 1953 and 1983 as it won most elections, it held the majority in the [[Legislative Assembly of Costa Rica|Legislative Assembly]] between 1953 and 1978, held consecutive governments several times and was only defeated in [[1958 Costa Rican general election|1958]], [[1966 Costa Rican general election|1966]] and [[1978 Costa Rican general election|1978]] thanks to the entire right-wing opposition nominating a common candidate in coalition. Only after 1983 with the merge of the [[Unity Coalition]] into the [[Social Christian Unity Party]] Costa Rica started its [[two-party system]].
**[[First Costa Rican Republic|Non-Partisan Liberals]] dominated Costa Rican presidency from 1846 to 1868.
** {{Flag|San José}}: [[Johnny Araya]] was the [[Mayor of San José, Costa Rica|Mayor of San Jose]] from 1998 to 2013 and from 2016 to 2024, both times almost entirely as a member of the [[National Liberation Party (Costa Rica)|National Liberation Party]].
*'''{{Flag|Dominican Republic}}''': The [[Blue Party (Dominican Republic)|Blue Party]] from 1879 to 1899. The [[Dominican Liberation Party]] from 2004 to 2020.
*'''{{Flag|El Salvador}}''': 
** The Liberal Party (PL) held the presidency from 1871 to 1903
** The [[National Democratic Party (El Salvador)|National Democratic Party]] (PDN) held the presidency from 1913 to 1931
** The [[National Pro Patria Party]] (PNPP) held the presidency from 1933 to 1944
** The [[National Coalition Party (El Salvador)|National Conciliation Party]] (PCN) held the presidency from 1962 to 1979
** The [[Nationalist Republican Alliance]] (ARENA) held the presidency from 1989 to 2009.
*'''{{flag|Guatemala}}''': The [[Conservative Party (Guatemala)|Conservative Party]] in Guatemala from 1851 and 1871; the [[Liberal Party (Guatemala)|Liberal Party]] in Guatemala from 1871 and 1920, 1921 and 1926, 1931 and 1944.
*'''{{Flag|Honduras}}''': The [[National Party of Honduras|National Party]] in Honduras from 1933 to 1956, and again from 2010 to 2022.
*'''{{flag|Nicaragua}}''':
**The [[Partido Liberal Nacionalista]] of the [[Somoza family]] held effective control from the 1930s to 1979. It was never the sole legal party, but elections were often fraught with accusations of fraud and improbable results.
**[[Conservative Party (Nicaragua)|Conservative Party]] ruled from 1857 to 1893
*'''{{flag|Puerto Rico}}''': The [[Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico|Popular Democratic Party]] in [[Puerto Rico]] from 1949 to 1969.
*'''{{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}''': [[People's National Movement]] ruled from 1956 to 1986.

===South America===
*'''{{flag|Argentina}}''': 
**The [[National Autonomist Party]] (PAN) of [[Argentina]] from 1874 to 1916.
**The [[Federalist Party (Argentina)|Federal Party]] from 1829 to 1852.
***'''{{flag|San Luis}}''': The conservative Liberal Democratic Party ruled the province between 1922 and 1943. The [[Justicialist Party]] has won every gubernatorial election between 1973 and 2019.
***'''{{flag|Neuquén}}''': [[Neuquén People's Movement]] has won every gubernatorial election since 1962 and until the [[2023 Argentine provincial elections|2023 gubernatorial election]].
***'''{{flag|Santa Cruz}}''': The Justicialist Party has won every gubernatorial election between 1973 and 2019.
*'''{{flag|Bolivia}}''': [[Liberal Party (Bolivia)|Liberal Party]] ruled from 1899 to 1920. The [[Revolutionary Nationalist Movement]] (MNR) in [[Bolivia]] from 1952 to 1964.
*'''{{flag|Brazil}}''': The [[National Renewal Alliance Party]] (ARENA) in Brazil from 1965 to 1979.
***{{Flag|São Paulo}}: has been dominated by the [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] since 1994, until election of [[Tarcísio de Freitas]] in [[2022 São Paulo gubernatorial election|2022]].
*'''{{Flag|Chile}}''': From 1829 to 1871, a successive number of parties ([[Pelucones]] to [[Conservative Party (Chile)|Conservative]] to [[National Party (Chile, 1857)|National Party]]) governed Chile. From 1990 to 2010 the [[Concertación]] Coalition hold presidency. 
*'''{{flag|Colombia}}''': The [[Colombian Liberal Party|Liberal Party]] of [[Colombia]] from 1861 to 1886, and later on from 1886 to 1900 as the brief successor party [[National Party (Colombia)|National Party]], and [[Colombian Conservative Party]] from 1900 to 1930
*'''{{Flag|Ecuador}}''': [[Ecuadorian Radical Liberal Party]] ruled from 1895 to 1925. [[PAIS Alliance]] ruled from 2007 to 2021.
*'''{{Flag|Guyana}}:''' The [[People's National Congress (Guyana)|People's National Congress]] from 1964 to 1992. The [[People's Progressive Party (Guyana)|People's Progressive Party]] from 1992 to 2015. 
*'''{{flag|Paraguay}}''': [[Liberal Party (Paraguay)|Liberal Party]] from 1912 to 1936
*'''{{flag|Uruguay}}''': The [[Colorado Party (Uruguay)|Colorado Party]] of [[Uruguay]], between 1865 and 1959
*'''{{Flag|Venezuela}}''': [[Conservative Party (Venezuela)|Conservative Party]] ruled from 1830 to 1851. [[Fifth Republic Movement]] ruled from 1999 until its merging with the newly created [[United Socialist Party of Venezuela]] in 2007, which has been the ruling party since then.

===Europe===
* '''{{Flag|Armenia}}''': The [[Republican Party of Armenia]] controlled the country from 1999 until 2018, when it lost all of its seats in parliament after the [[2018 Armenian revolution]] and the [[2018 Armenian parliamentary election|2018 parliamentary election]].
*'''{{flag|Austria}}''': The [[Austrian People's Party]] ruled as the dominant governing coalition leader from 1945 to 1970, and the [[Social Democratic Party of Austria]], under a similar arrangement, from 1970 to 2000.
**'''{{Flag|Austria-Hungary}}''': The [[List of ministers-president of Austria|Cisleithania Minister-Presidency]] was dominated by the [[Constitutional Party (Austria)|Constitutional Party]] from 1871 to 1893.  
***'''{{flag|Vienna}}''': The [[Social Democratic Workers' Party of Austria]] (predecessor of the SPÖ, in power since 1945), dominated Vienna between 1911 and 1934.
***'''{{flag|Lower Austria}}''': The [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] (predecessor of the ÖVP, in power since 1945), dominated Lower Austria between 1907 and 1934.
***'''{{flag|Upper Austria}}''': The [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] (predecessor of the ÖVP), dominated Upper Austria between 1907 and 1934.
***'''{{flag|Vorarlberg}}''': The [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] (predecessor of the ÖVP), dominated Vorarlberg between 1907 and 1934.
***'''{{flag|Tyrol}}''': The [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] (predecessor of the ÖVP), dominated Tyrol between 1907 and 1934.
***'''{{flag|Salzburg}}''': The Salzburger Volkspartei, the ÖVP and their predecessors dominated Salzburg between 1919 and 2004.{{NoteTag|name=OVP|The predecessors of the ÖVP are the [[Christian Social Party (Austria)|Christian Social Party]] ruled from 1907 to the renaming 1933 and the [[Fatherland Front (Austria)|Fatherland Front]] ruled from 1933 to the [[Anschluss]] 1938.}}
***'''{{flag|Styria}}''': The Steirische Volkspartei, the ÖVP and their predecessors dominated Styria between 1907 and 2005.{{NoteTag|name=OVP}}
*'''{{flag|Belgium}}''': The [[Catholic Party (Belgium)|Catholic Party]] sent prime ministers from 1884 to 1937. The [[Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams|Catholic People's Party]] sent prime ministers from 1979 to 1999.
**'''{{flag|Flanders}}''': The [[Christian Social Party (Belgium, defunct)|Christian Social Party]] and the [[Christen-Democratisch en Vlaams]] dominated Flanders from at least 1968 to 1999.
*'''{{Flag|Bulgaria}}''': [[GERB]] was the ruling party from 2009 to 2021 (with an exception from 2013 to 2014). It is the biggest Bulgarian party.
*'''{{flag|Croatia}}''': The [[Croatian Democratic Union]] was in power from the first multi-party elections in [[1990 Croatian parliamentary election|1990]], when Croatia was still a constituent republic of [[SFR Yugoslavia]], until it lost the [[2000 Croatian parliamentary election|parliamentary]] and [[2000 Croatian presidential election|presidential]] elections in 2000. For most of the 1990s, the party had an absolute majority in both the [[Parliament of Croatia|Chamber of Representatives]] and the [[Parliament of Croatia|Chamber of Counties]], while its chairman, [[Franjo Tuđman]], was [[President of Croatia]] under a ''de facto'' superpresidential system of government until his death in 1999.
*'''{{Flag|Denmark}}''': The [[National Landowners (Denmark)|National Landowners]], and later the [[Højre]], ruled Denmark from 1874 to 1901. 
*'''{{Flag|Estonia}}''': [[Estonian Centre Party]] has held the mayorship in [[Tallinn]] since 2005, having won a majority of the city council seats there four consecutive times. In 2021, they received 38 out of 79 seats and formed a coalition.
*'''{{Flag|Finland}}''': The Agrarian League, later the [[Centre Party (Finland)|Centre Party]], dominated the Presidency under [[Urho Kekkonen]] from 1956 to 1982.  
*'''{{Flag|France}}''': During the tenure of [[Napoleon III]] (first as president 1848 to 1852 then as Emperor from 1852 to 1870), the [[Bonapartism|Bonapartists]] were a loose ruling political organization.  Since the Fifth Republic, the main presidential parties, [[Les Républicains]] (centre-right) or the [[Parti Socialiste (France)|Parti Socialiste]] (centre-left), were the biggest parties in over half of the presidential elections, until both parties lost dominance in France since 2017, as centrist politician [[Emmanuel Macron]] of [[En Marche]] became president, with French right-wing leader [[Marine Le Pen]] as the main opponent. Both parties have taken dominance since the [[2017 French presidential election]].
*'''{{flag|Georgia}}''': The [[Union of Citizens of Georgia]] was the dominant political force from its establishment in 1995 to its dissolution and overthrow in 2003 in the [[Rose Revolution]], during which the party's leader and president, [[Eduard Shevardnadze]], was ousted. 
*'''{{flag|Germany}}''': The [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany|Christian Democratic Union]] ruled [[West Germany]] and later a unified Germany from its establishment in 1949 to 1969, and again from 1982 to 1998 and from 2005 to 2021. 
**'''{{flag|Baden-Württemberg}}''': The [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany]] ruled from 1953 to 2011 and was the biggest party until [[2016 Baden-Württemberg state election|2016]] (except in Württemberg-Baden for 1950–1952), but is still the biggest party at the German federal elections<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de/buBawue.htm |title=Bundestagswahlen – Baden-Württemberg}}</ref> and European Parliament elections.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de/beBawue.htm |title=Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament in Baden-Württemberg}}</ref> In the predecessor state of Baden, the Centre Party was the biggest party during the Weimar era until 1930.
**'''{{flag|Bavaria}}''': The Bavarian Patriot Party (until 1887), the [[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]] (until 1918) and the [[Bavarian People's Party]] were the biggest parties in the Bavarian Landtag from 1869<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de/klBayern.htm| title=Landtag Bayern 1869–1918}}</ref> to 1933 and ruled from 1920 to 1933.
**'''{{flag|Saar|LON}}''' ''(not part of Germany at the time)'': The [[Centre Party (Germany)|Centre Party]] won every Landesrat election from 1922 to 1935.
**'''{{flag|Saar Protectorate}}''' ''(not part of Germany at the time)'': The Saarland Christian People's Party held the majority from 1947 to 1955, which was broken by the similar CDU in 1955.
**'''{{flag|Saarland}}''': The [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany]] ruled from the return of the Saar to (West) Germany in 1959 to 1980. In the Landtag elections, the CDU reached between 36.6% in 1955 and 49.1% in 1975;<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de/blSaar.htm |title=Landtagswahlen im Saarland seit 1945}}</ref> the CDU also dominated federal elections (except in 1972),<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de/buSaarland.htm |title=Bundestagswahlen – Saarland}}</ref> and in the 1979 European Parliament election, the CDU/CSU won 46.4%.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wahlen-in-deutschland.de/beSaar.htm |title=Wahlen zum Europäischen Parlament im Saarland}}</ref>
**'''{{flag|Thuringia}}''': From the establishment of the state, the [[Christian Democratic Union of Germany]] ruled without interruption until 2014, with an absolute majority from 1999 to 2009. Since 2014, it has been in opposition.
*'''{{flag|Hungary}}'''
**'''{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Hungary (1867–1918)}}''': The [[Deák Party]] (which merged with the Left Centre to form the [[Liberal Party (Hungary)|Liberal Party]] in 1875) ruled Hungary from 1867 to 1905, and the [[National Party of Work]] between 1910 and 1918.<ref name="Bihari">{{cite book |last1=Bihari |first1=Mihály |title=Politológia: a politika és a modern állam: pártok és ideológiák |chapter=A magyarországi domináns pártrendszer |date=2013 |publisher=Nemzedékek Tudása Tankönyvkiadó |location=Budapest |isbn=9789631976281 |pages=291–295 |language=hu}}</ref>
**'''{{flagcountry|Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46)}}''': The [[Unity Party (Hungary)|Unity Party]] and the [[Party of National Unity (Hungary)|Party of National Unity]] (renamed Party of Hungarian Life in 1939) governed the [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–46)|Kingdom of Hungary]] from 1922 to 1944.<ref name="Bihari" />
**'''{{flagcountry|Second Hungarian Republic}}''': After the elected Prime Minister [[Ferenc Nagy]] was forced into exile in May 1947, the [[Hungarian Communist Party]] became the Hungary's ''de facto'' ruling party until formally declaring the country to be a [[Hungarian People's Republic|single-party state]] in August 1949.<ref>''[http://www.rev.hu/history_of_45/ora1/ora1_e.htm Part 2: Communist take-over, 1946–1949.]''  The Institute for the History of the 1956 Revolution.</ref>
*'''{{flag|Ireland}}''': Ireland's [[Fianna Fáil]] was the largest party in [[Dáil Éireann]] between 1932 and 2011 and in power for 61 of those 79 years. However, the party were heavily defeated in the [[2011 Irish general election]], coming third.
*'''{{flag|Italy}}''': Italy's [[Christian Democracy (Italy)|Christian Democracy]] dominated [[Politics of Italy|Italian politics]] for almost 50 years as the major party in every coalition that governed the country from 1944 until its demise amid [[Mani pulite|a welter of corruption allegations in 1992–1994]]. The main opposition to the Christian democratic governments was the [[Italian Communist Party]].
**'''[[File:Flag of Emilia-Romagna (de facto).svg|border|22px]] [[Emilia-Romagna]]''': The [[Italian Socialist Party]] dominated the region from 1909 until the rise of [[Fascism]].
**'''[[File:Flag of Emilia-Romagna (de facto).svg|border|22px]] [[Emilia-Romagna]]''': The [[Italian Communist Party]] dominated the region from 1946 until 1991.
**'''[[File:Flag of Emilia-Romagna (de facto).svg|border|22px]] [[Emilia-Romagna]]''': The [[Democratic Party of the Left]] dominated the region from 1991 until 1998.
**'''[[File:Flag of Emilia-Romagna (de facto).svg|border|22px]] [[Emilia-Romagna]]''': The [[Democrats of the Left]] dominated the region from 1998 until 2007.
**'''[[File:Flag of Tuscany.svg|22px]] [[Tuscany]]''': The [[Italian Communist Party]] dominated the region from 1946 until 1953, and then from 1963 until 1991.
**'''[[File:Flag of Tuscany.svg|22px]] [[Tuscany]]''': The [[Democratic Party of the Left]] dominated the region from 1991 until 1998.
**'''[[File:Flag of Tuscany.svg|22px]] [[Tuscany]]''': The [[Democrats of the Left]] dominated the region from 1998 until 2007. 
*'''{{Flag|Liechtenstein}}''': The [[Progressive Citizens' Party]] governed from 1928 to 1970.  
* '''{{flag|Luxembourg}}''': The [[Christian Social People's Party]] (CSV), with its predecessor, [[Party of the Right (Luxembourg)|Party of the Right]], governed Luxembourg continuously from 1915 to 2013, except for 1974–1979. However, Luxembourg has a coalition system, and the CSV has been in coalition with at least one of the other two leading parties for all but four years. It has always won a plurality of seats in parliamentary elections, although it lost the popular vote [[1964 Luxembourg general election|in 1964]] and [[1974 Luxembourg general election|1974]].
*'''{{Flag|Malta}}''': The [[Nationalist Party (Malta)|Nationalist Party]] dominated the Maltese political scene from [[1998 Maltese general election|1988]] to 2013, when the [[Labour Party (Malta)|Labour Party]] won the government in the 2013 [[2013 Maltese general election|general election]].
*'''{{Flag|Monaco}}''': [[Rally & Issues]] governed the National Assembly from 1962 to 2003. 
* '''{{Flag|Montenegro}}''': The [[Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro|Democratic Party of Socialists]] (DPS) ruled Montenegro from 1990 to 2020, having been defeated in the [[2020 Montenegrin parliamentary election|2020 election]]. 
*'''{{flag|Norway}}''': The [[Norwegian Labour Party]] ruled from 1935 to 1965 (including the 5 years of [[Nygaardsvold's Cabinet|Government-in-exile]] during [[World War II]]), though it has been the biggest party in [[Norway]] since 1927 and has been in power many other times.
*'''{{flag|Poland}}''': The [[Law and Justice]] party (PiS) won the majority of seats in the [[Sejm]] and formed governments in [[2015 Polish parliamentary election|2015]] and [[2019 Polish parliamentary election|2019]], while also winning the Presidency in [[2015 Polish presidential election|2015]] and [[2020 Polish presidential election|2020]]. After the [[2023 Polish parliamentary election|2023 Parliamentary election]], they lost the majority in the Sejm and failed to establish a government coalition.
*'''{{flag|Portugal}}''': 
**The [[Portuguese Republican Party]], during most of the [[Portuguese First Republic]]'s existence (1910–1926): After the coup that put an end to [[Kingdom of Portugal|Portugal's constitutional monarchy]] in 1910, the electoral system, which had always ensured victory to the party in government, was left unchanged. Before 1910, it had been the [[Portuguese monarchy|reigning monarch]]'s responsibility to ensure that no one party remain too long in government, usually by disbanding Parliament and calling for new elections. The republic's constitution added no such proviso, and the Portuguese Republican Party was able to keep the other minor republican parties (monarchic parties had been declared illegal) from winning elections. On the rare occasions when it was ousted from power, it was overthrown by force, and it was again by the means of a counter-coup that it returned to power, until its final fall, with the republic itself, in 1926.
**As a [[Semi-presidential system|semi-presidential republic]], Portugal's [[President of Portugal|President]] has significant residual power. From 1986 to 2006, the Presidency was in the hand of the [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|Socialist Party]]; since 2006, it is the [[Social Democratic Party (Portugal) | Social Democratic Party]] that currently controls the Presidency.
*{{flag|South Ossetia}}
**[[United Ossetia]], lead by [[Anatoliy Bibilov]], has been power since 2014 (a continuation of the governing 2001–2014 [[Unity Party (South Ossetia)|Unity Party]], now defunct). It won the [[2014 South Ossetian parliamentary election|parliamentary election in 2014]] with 44.84% of the vote and 20 of 34 seats, and won again in the [[2017 South Ossetian presidential election|2017 Presidential election]] with 54.80% of the vote.

* '''{{Flag|Serbia}}''': The dominant party in Serbia is the [[Serbian Progressive Party]] led by Aleksandar Vučić. The party has won all parliamentary and presidential elections since [[2012]] and rules in almost all municipalities and cities in the country.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Portal |first=BUKA |date=2020-06-22 |title=SNS dominacija na lokalu, pali Šabac i Paraćin, traži se ponavljanje izbora u Šapcu {{!}} 6yka |url=https://6yka.com/region/sns-dominacija-na-lokalu-pali-sabac-i-paracin-trazi-se-ponavljanje-izbora-u-sapcu/ |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=6yka.com |language=bs-BA}}</ref>
**{{Flag|Kingdom of Serbia}}: [[People's Radical Party]], led by [[Nikola Pašić]], dominated the political landscape of the Kingdom of Serbia from 1904 and 1918. Pašić also served as the [[Prime Ministers of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia|Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia]] from 1918 to 1926 with brief interruptions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2017-12-15 |title=Народна радикална странка |url=http://srpskaenciklopedija.org/doku.php?id=%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0 |access-date=2025-04-07 |website=Српска енциклопедија |language=sr}}</ref>
**{{flag|FR Yugoslavia}}: The [[Socialist Party of Serbia]] controlled the country from 1992 to 2000.
*'''{{flag|Spain}}'''
**'''{{flag|Andalusia}}''': The [[PSOE-A]] party (the Andalusian branch of nationwide [[PSOE]]) was the ruling party in the [[Andalusian Autonomous Government]] continuously between 1978 and 2019, being also the most voted party in all elections for the [[Parliament of Andalusia]] during that interval, except one ([[2012 Andalusian regional election|2012]]). After the [[2018 Andalusian regional election|2018 Andalusian election]], a right-to-centre coalition led by the [[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]] entered office, and in [[2022 Andalusian regional election|2022]] the People's Party achieved an absolute majority.
**'''{{flag|Catalonia}}''': The [[Convergence and Union]] coalition (federated political party after 2001) in [[Catalonia]] governed the [[Generalitat of Catalonia|autonomous Catalan government]] from 1980 to 2003, under the leadership of [[Jordi Pujol]], with parliamentary absolute majority or in coalition with other smaller parties. The party later governed again from 2010 until its dissolution in 2015.
**{{flag|Extremadura}}
*** [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]], in power in the [[junta of Extremadura|Extremaduran Government]] from 1983 to 2011, and again since 2015.
*** [[2019 Extremaduran regional election|Extremaduran election, 2019]]: PSOE 46.8%, 34 of 65 seats.
*** [[Results breakdown of the November 2019 Spanish general election (Congress)#Extremadura|Spanish Parliament election, November 2019]]: PSOE 38.3%, 5 of 10 seats.
**'''{{flag|Valencian Community}}''': The [[People's Party of the Valencian Community]] (the Valencian branch of nationwide [[People's Party (Spain)|People's Party]]) was the ruling party in the [[Generalitat Valenciana|Valencian Autonomous Government]] between 1995 and 2015, being the most voted party in all  elections for the [[Valencian Parliament]] during that interval. After the [[2015 Valencian regional election|2015 Valencian elections]], a left-to-centre coalition entered office.
*'''{{Flag|Switzerland}}''': From 1848 to 1891, the [[Free Democratic Party of Switzerland|Free Democratic Party]] held all seven seats of the [[Federal Council (Switzerland)|Federal Council]], thus having full control of the Swiss Directorial Government.
*'''{{flag|Sweden}}''': The [[Swedish Social Democratic Party]] in Sweden governed from 1932 to 2006, except for some months in 1936 (1936–1939 and 1951–1957 in coalition with the [[Centre Party (Sweden)|Farmers' League]], 1939–1945 at the head of a government of national unity), 1976–1982 and 1991–1994. The party is still the largest party in Sweden and has been so in every general election since 1917 (hence the largest party even before the universal suffrage was introduced in 1921). The former prime minister and party leader [[Tage Erlander]] led the Swedish government for an uninterrupted tenure of 23 years (1946–1969), the longest in any democracy so far. Since 2006, the party support has declined, but in 2014, it returned to government, although its centre-left coalition had no majority.
*'''{{flag|Turkey}}''': In [[Turkey]]'s single-party period lasting until 1945, the [[Republican People's Party]] (CHP) was the major political organisation of the single-party state. However, the CHP faced two opposition parties during this period, both established upon the request of the founder of the Republic of Turkey and CHP leader, [[Mustafa Kemal Atatürk]], in efforts to allegedly jump-start multiparty democracy in Turkey.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.utoronto.ca/ai/learningtolose/participants.html |title = Learning to Lose: Adapting to Democracy in One Party Dominant Systems… |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140604202006/http://www.utoronto.ca/ai/learningtolose/participants.html |archive-date=4 June 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The pro-Kurdish [[Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)|Peoples' Democratic Party]]{{NoteTag|Formerly its predecessors [[People's Labor Party]] (with [[Social Democratic Populist Party (Turkey)|SHP]]), [[People's Democracy Party]], [[Democratic People's Party (Turkey)|Democratic People's Party]], [[Thousand Hope Candidates]] and [[Labour, Democracy and Freedom Bloc]].}} was the dominant party in the mainly Kurdish southeast from 1991 until the [[2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt]] which resulted in [[2016–present purges in Turkey|massive purges]] and the takeover of municipalities by the state. The landslide election victories of the [[Justice and Development Party (Turkey)|Justice and Development Party]] led to the party gaining majority in parliament between 2002 and 2018.<ref>{{cite web|date=January 19, 2012|title=Turkey Under the AKP: The Era of Dominant-Party Politics|url=http://www.journalofdemocracy.org/article/turkey-under-akp-era-dominant-party-politics|access-date=May 30, 2015|work=journalofdemocracy.org}}</ref> Since the [[2018 Turkish parliamentary election|2018 parliamentary election]], the party has minority in the parliament and is in a coalition.<ref>{{cite news |title=Turkey's undecided voters are leaning towards opposition alliance |url=https://ahvalnews.com/nation-alliance/turkeys-undecided-voters-are-leaning-towards-opposition-alliance |access-date=8 April 2022 |date=10 June 2021}}</ref>
*'''{{flag|United Kingdom}}''': 
**The [[Whigs (British political party)|Whigs]] dominated the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]'s politics from 1714 to 1762 during the [[Whig supremacy]].
**The [[Tories (British political party)|Tories]], governed from 1783 to 1806, and 1807 to 1830.
**The [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal Party]] governed from 1905 to 1922.
**The [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]], governed from 1895 to 1905, and from 1935 to 1945, and from 1951 to 1963, and from 1979 to 1997, and lastly from 2010 to 2024.
**The [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] governed from 1997 to 2010.
**'''{{flag|Northern Ireland}}''':
***The [[Ulster Unionist Party]] won every election between 1921 and 1972 in the [[Parliament of Northern Ireland|former devolved administration]] of [[Northern Ireland]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Exploring British Politics |last=Garnett |first=Mark |author2=Lynch, Philip |year=2007 |publisher=Pearson Education |location=London |isbn=978-0-582-89431-0 |page=322 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-YI5u5PlHgQC }}</ref>
** {{flag|Scotland}}: 
*** The [[Scottish National Party]] has been the largest party in the [[Scottish Parliament]] since [[2007 Scottish Parliament election|2007]]. It also won the majority of seats to the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] in Scotland in every election from [[2015 United Kingdom general election in Scotland|2015]] until it lost to [[Scottish Labour]] in [[2024 United Kingdom general election in Scotland|2024]].

===Asia===
*'''{{flag|Afghanistan|1978}}''': In [[Democratic Republic of Afghanistan|Afghanistan]], the [[People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan]] was the only legal political party from 1978 until 1987 when other parties were allowed while the PDPA remained the dominant political party until 1992.
*'''{{flag|Bangladesh}}''': In [[Bangladesh]], the [[Awami League]] was the country's predominant political party between 1972 and 1975 and from 2009 to 2024. After the [[Assassination of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman|military coup of 1975]], the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]] (BNP) became the dominant political force between 1977 and 1982. Under the autocratic regime of General [[Hussain Muhammad Ershad]], the [[Jatiya Party (Ershad)|Jatiya Party]] was the dominant party between 1986 and 1990. Bangladesh Awami League again became the dominant political party in 2008 and ended in 2024 after [[Sheikh Hasina]]'s resignation amid the [[Student–People's uprising|2024 Bangladesh protests]].
*'''{{flag|Burma|1948}}''': The [[Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League]] in Burma (now Myanmar) from 1948 to 1962. The [[Union Solidarity and Development Party]] from 2011 to 2016 (as a [[State Peace and Development Council|military junta]] from 1988 to 2011).
*'''{{flag|Cambodia}}''': The [[Democratic Party (Cambodia)|Democratic Party]] was the dominant party in Cambodia from 1946 to 1955, The [[Sangkum]] in Cambodia was the dominant party under Prince [[Norodom Sihanouk]] as head of government from 1955 to 1970. Under the [[Khmer Republic]] the [[Social Republican Party]] was the dominant party under General [[Lon Nol]] from 1972 to 1975.
*'''{{flag|Republic of China}}''': The [[Kuomintang]] established a ''de facto'' [[Dang Guo|one-party state]] in the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China on the mainland]] and subsequently on [[Taiwan]] until political liberalization and the lifting of [[martial law in Taiwan|martial law]] in the late 1980s. The Kuomintang continued to dominate the political system until the victory of the opposition [[Democratic Progressive Party]] in the [[2000 Taiwanese presidential election|2000 presidential election]]. The Kuomintang maintained control of the [[Legislative Yuan]] until [[2016 Taiwanese legislative election|2016]].
*'''{{Flag|India}}:''' The [[Indian National Congress]] had continuously ruled the [[parliament of India]] and various [[State legislature (India)|state legislatures]] since independence in 1947 to 1977 and 1980 to 1989.
**'''[[Odisha]]''': The [[Biju Janata Dal]] had ruled the [[Odisha Legislative Assembly|state legislature of Odisha]] for 24 years (winning election for five consecutive times from 2000 to 2024).
**'''[[Sikkim]]:''' The [[Sikkim Democratic Front]] had ruled the [[Sikkim Legislative Assembly|state legislature of Sikkim]] for 24 years (winning election for five consecutive times from 1994 to 2019).
**'''[[Tripura]]:''' The [[Left Front (Tripura)|Tripura Left Front]], comprising parties such as the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], the [[Communist Party of India]], [[All India Forward Bloc]] and the [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] had ruled the [[Tripura Legislative Assembly|state legislature of Tripura]] for 24 years (winning election for five consecutive times from 1993 to 2018).
**'''[[West Bengal]]:''' The [[Left Front (West Bengal)|West Bengal Left Front]], comprising parties such as the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]], the [[Communist Party of India]], [[All India Forward Bloc]] and the [[Revolutionary Socialist Party (India)|Revolutionary Socialist Party]] had ruled the [[West Bengal Legislative Assembly|state legislature of West Bengal]] for 34 years (winning election for seven consecutive times from 1977 to 2011).<ref>{{Cite web|last=Democracy|first=Peoples'|date=June 24, 2007|title=West Bengal: How The Left Front And Its Government Emerged|url=http://archives.peoplesdemocracy.in/2007/0624/06242007_biman%20basu.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815214713/http://archives.peoplesdemocracy.in/2007/0624/06242007_biman%20basu.htm|archive-date=August 15, 2017}}</ref> 
*'''{{flag|Indonesia}}''': The [[Golkar]] (acronym of ''Golongan Karya'' or Functional Groups) organization, in power from 1971 to 1999 in support for [[Suharto|President Suharto]].
** {{flag|Central Java}}: Dominated by the [[Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle]] since 2003. Led by [[Indonesian Democratic Party of Struggle]] politicians during 2003-2023
** {{flagicon image|City Flag of Depok.svg}} [[Depok]] City: Led by [[Prosperous Justice Party]] politicians during 2005-2025
*'''{{flag|Iran|1964}}''': The [[Iran Novin Party]] dominated Iran's [[Islamic Consultative Assembly|parliament]], [[Cabinet of Iran|cabinet]], and local councils from 1964 until Iran became a one-party state in 1975.
*'''{{flag|Israel}}''': [[Mapai]] in Israel was the dominant party from the establishment of the state of Israel in 1948 (and before 1944 they won the [[Assembly of Representatives (Mandatory Palestine)|Assembly of Representatives]] since 1925) until merging into present-day [[Israeli Labor Party]] in 1968. The Labor Party started losing influence in the 1970s, particularly following the [[Yom Kippur War]], and eventually lost power in the [[1977 Israeli legislative election|1977 election]]. The Labor Party continued to participate in several coalition governments until 2009.
*'''{{flag|Japan}}''': [[Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)|Liberal Democratic Party]] (LDP), in power [[1955 System|1955–1993]], 1996–2009 and since 2012. After the [[2024 Japanese general election]], LDP no longer has a majority in the [[House of Representatives (Japan)|House of Representatives]].
*'''{{flag|South Korea}}''': [[Conservatism in South Korea|Conservative parties]]: [[Liberal Party (South Korea)]] in power 1948–1960, [[Democratic Republican Party (South Korea)]] in power 1962–1980, [[Democratic Justice Party]] in power 1980–1990, [[Democratic Liberal Party (South Korea)]] in power 1990–1995, [[New Korea Party]] in power 1995–1997 and [[Saenuri Party]] in power 2008–2017.
*'''{{flag|Malaysia}}''': [[Barisan Nasional]] (BN), in power from 1974 to 2018, defeated in [[2018 Malaysian general election|2018 election]]. Also in a coalition government with [[Perikatan Nasional]] from 2020 to 2022 in the wake of [[2020 Malaysian political crisis]], with BN leading from 2021 to 2022. Its predecessor [[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Perikatan]] also held power from 1955 to 1973. After the [[2022 Malaysian general election]], despite currently in a coalition government led by [[Pakatan Harapan]], BN is no longer dominant in the Malaysian politics.
**'''{{flag|Johor}}''': Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1954 to 2018, defeated in 2018 election. Regained power in the wake of [[2020 Malaysian political crisis]] and won the [[2022 Johor state election]].
**'''{{flag|Kedah}}''': Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2008, defeated in 2008 election. Regained power in the 2013 state elections, but defeated again in the [[2018 Kedah state election|2018 election]].
**'''{{flag|Kelantan}}''': Barisan Nasional, in power from 1978, when they won the [[1978 Malaysian state elections#Kelantan|1978 state election in Kelantan]] and governed in a coalition with [[Pan-Malaysian Islamic Front|BERJASA]], until 1990, when BN were defeated in [[1990 Malaysian state elections#Kelantan|that year's election]].
**'''{{flag|Melaka}}''': Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2018, defeated in 2018 election. Regained power in the wake of [[2020 Malaysian political crisis]] and won the [[2021 Melaka state election]].
**'''{{flag|Negeri Sembilan}}''': Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2018, defeated in 2018 election. Currently BN is in a government coalition led by [[Pakatan Harapan]] after the 2023 state election. 
**'''{{flag|Penang}}''': Barisan Nasional, in power from 1974 to 2008 under main component party in Penang [[Parti Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia|Gerakan]], defeated in 2008 election. Gerakan as a single party also won state election in 1969, winning it from BN predecessor Perikatan, who held power in the state from 1955.
**'''{{flag|Perak}}''': Barisan Nasional, in power from 1974 to 2008, defeated in 2008 election. BN regained power in 2009 as a result of [[2009 Perak constitutional crisis]], and won the 2013 Perak state election. BN would lose the Perak government again after defeat in the 2018 state election, but regained power in the wake of [[2020 Malaysian political crisis]]. Its predecessor [[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Perikatan]] also held power from 1955 to 1969. Currently lead a coalition government with [[Pakatan Harapan]] after the [[2022 Perak state election]].
**'''{{flag|Perlis}}''': Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2022, defeated in [[2022 Perlis state election|2022 election]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/ge15-pn-win-14-state-seats-perlis-form-government-392648|title=GE15: PN win 14 state seats in Perlis to form government|work=[[Bernama]]|date=20 November 2022|access-date=23 November 2022|publisher=[[Astro Awani]]}}</ref> 
**'''{{flag|Sabah}}''': Barisan Nasional, in power from 1976 to 1985 (led by component party [[Sabah People's United Front|BERJAYA]]), 1986 to 1990 (led by component party [[United Sabah Party|PBS]]), and from 1994 to 2018 (led by component party [[United Malay National Organization|UMNO Sabah]]). Currently BN is in a coalition government with [[Gabungan Rakyat Sabah]] (GRS), after the [[2020 Sabah state election]]. PBS also led the state government as a single party from 1985 to 1986, and as part of [[Gagasan Rakyat]] coalition from 1990 to 1994. Before BN, [[Alliance Party (Malaysia)|Perikatan Sabah]] (Sabah Alliance) holds power in Sabah from its independence in 1963 to 1976.
**'''{{flag|Selangor}}''': Barisan Nasional, in power from 1974 to 2008, defeated in 2008 election. Its predecessor Perikatan also held power from 1955 to 1969. 
**'''{{flag|Terengganu}}''': Barisan Nasional (and its predecessor Perikatan), in power from 1955 to 2018, with exception to 1959–1961 and 1999–2004, when the state government were controlled by [[Parti Islam Se-Malaysia]] (PAS). Defeated in the [[2018 Terengganu state election|2018 election]].
*'''{{Flag|Northern Cyprus}}''': The [[National Unity Party (Northern Cyprus)|National Unity Party]] governed from 1983 to 2005. 
*'''{{flag|Philippines|1986}}''': The [[Nacionalista Party (Philippines)|Nacionalista Party]] in the [[Philippines]] was the dominant party during various times in the nation's history from [[4th Philippine Legislature|1916]]–[[2nd National Assembly of the Philippines|1941]], and on [[1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines|1945]]. From [[Interim Batasang Pambansa|1978]] to [[Regular Batasang Pambansa|1986]] [[Kilusang Bagong Lipunan]] operated as a dominant party. 
*'''{{Flag|Sri Lanka}}''': The [[United National Party]] from 1977 to 1994, and the [[Sri Lanka Freedom Party]] from 1994 to 2015 (except for a brief interregnum from 2001 to 2004).
*'''{{Flag|Syria}}''': The [[Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region|Syrian Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party]] ruled from 1963 to 2024, with nominal multi-party system from 2012. 
*'''{{Flag|Thailand}}''': The [[Thai Rak Thai Party]] was the first political party to surpass the majority in the [[House of Representatives (Thailand)|House of Representatives]]. During the [[2005 Thai general election|general election]], it became a dominant party until a [[2006 Thai coup d'état|coup d'état]] ousted Prime Minister [[Thaksin Shinawatra]] and the dissolution of the House in 2006.
*'''{{Flag|Yemen}}''': [[General People's Congress (Yemen)|General People's Congress]], In power effectively from 1982 (1982–1990 sole legal party) to 2015, ceded effective control after [[Houthi takeover in Yemen|Houthi takeover of Sana'a]].

===Africa===
*'''{{Flag|Algeria}}:''' The [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|National Liberation Front]] had governed Algeria from 1962 to 1992, from 1992 to 1994 (sole legal party 1962 to 1989), and from 1999 to 2019. The current president, [[Abdelmadjid Tebboune]], is affiliated with FLN, but its partisan power is significantly weakened after the [[2021 Algerian legislative election|2021 parliamentary elections]]. 
*'''{{flag|Botswana}}''': The [[Botswana Democratic Party]] governed the country for 58 years with consecutive [[majority government]]s from independence in 1966 until [[2024 Botswana general election|2024]].
*'''{{Flag|Burkina Faso}}''': The [[Congress for Democracy and Progress]] from 1996 to 2014, under [[Blaise Compaoré]], who ruled first as an independent after a coup from 1987 to 1989, then led the [[Organization for Popular Democracy – Labour Movement]] from 1989 to 1996.
*'''{{Flag|Burundi}}''': [[Union for National Progress]] (UPRONA) from 1962 to 1993 (from 1974 to 1992 as sole legal party).
*'''{{Flag|Central African Republic}}:''' the [[Movement for the Social Evolution of Black Africa]] ruled from 1960 to 1981 (from 1962 to 1980 as sole legal party). 
*'''{{flag|Chad}}''': [[Patriotic Salvation Movement]] (Mouvement Patriotique de Salut de SMPS) governed from 1990 to 2021.
*'''{{flag|Egypt}}''': The [[National Democratic Party (Egypt)|National Democratic Party (NDP)]] of [[Egypt]], under various names, from 1952 to 2011 (as [[Arab Socialist Union (Egypt)|Arab Socialist Union]], sole legal party 1953–1978)
*'''{{flag|The Gambia}}''': The [[People's Progressive Party (The Gambia)|People's Progressive Party]] in The Gambia from 1962 to 1994. The [[Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction]] under [[Yahya Jammeh]] from 1996 to 2017, with Jammeh ruling first under a Junta after a [[1994 Gambian coup d'état|coup]] from 1994 to 1996.
*'''{{Flag|Gabon}}''': The [[Gabonese Democratic Party]] governed from independence in 1960 to 2023, ended with the [[2023 Gabonese coup d'état|2023 Gabonese coup]]. 
*'''{{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}}''': [[African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde]] (PAIGC) governed from 1974 to 1999 (from 1974 to 1991 as the sole legal party).
*'''{{Flag|Ivory Coast}}''': [[Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally|Democratic Party of Ivory Coast]] governed from 1960 to 1999 (from 1960 to 1990 as the sole legal party).
*'''{{flag|Kenya}}''': The [[Kenya African National Union]] in Kenya from 1963 to 2002 (sole legal party 1982–1991).
*'''{{Flag|Liberia}}''': [[True Whig Party]] ruled consecutively from 1878 to 1980, in a de facto one-party state manner, though the country never explicitly banned opposition parties.
*'''{{flag|Nigeria}}''': [[People's Democratic Party (Nigeria)|People's Democratic Party]] (PDP) was in power from May 29, 1999, till May 29, 2015, when the opposition party [[All Progressives Congress]] (APC) won the [[2015 Nigerian presidential election|presidential election]] in 2015.
*'''{{flag|Rhodesia}}''': The [[Rhodesian Front]] in [[Rhodesia]] (now [[Zimbabwe]]), under the leadership of [[Ian Smith]], from 1965 to 1980.
*'''{{flag|Senegal}}''': The [[Socialist Party of Senegal|Socialist Party]] in Senegal from 1960 to 2000 (sole legal party 1966–1974).
*'''{{Flag|Seychelles}}''': [[United Seychelles]] Party ruled from 1977 to 2020 (from 1977 to 1991 as sole legal party).
*'''{{Flag|Sierra Leone}}:''' The [[All People's Congress]] Party ruled from 1968 to 1992 (from 1978 to 1991 as sole legal party).
*'''{{flagicon|South Africa|1928}} {{flag|South Africa}}''': The [[National Party (South Africa)|National Party]] in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. The [[African National Congress]] (ANC) governed South Africa with consecutive majority governments from 1994 to 2024.
*'''{{Flag|Sudan}}''': [[National Congress (Sudan)|National Congress]] from 1998 to 2019 (1998 to 2005 as sole legal party).
*'''{{Flag|Tanzania}}''': Via Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) from 1961 with TANU name to present in 2024 no any other Political party have ever lead the country.
*'''{{flag|Tunisia}}''': The [[Democratic Constitutional Rally]] in Tunisia, 1956–2011 (as the sole legal party between 1963 and 1981).
*'''{{flag|Zambia}}''': The [[Movement for Multiparty Democracy]] from 1991 to 2011.

===Oceania===
*'''{{flag|Australia}}:''' The [[Liberal Party of Australia|Liberal Party]] (generally in a near-permanent [[Coalition (Australia)|Coalition]] with the [[National Party of Australia|National Party]]) held power federally from 1949 to 1972 and from 1975 to 1983 (31 out of 34 years). After the expiry of the 46th Parliament in 2022, the [[Coalition (Australia)|Liberal-National Coalition]] held power for 20 out of the 26 years between 1996 and 2022. Overall from 1949 to 2022, the Liberal Party held power for 52 out of 73 years. The longest-serving [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]] was [[Robert Menzies]], who served from 1939 to 1941 (2 years) as a member of the [[United Australia Party]], and from 1949 to 1966 (16 years) as leader of the Liberal Party. The second longest-serving was [[John Howard]] (Liberal Party), who was Prime Minister from 1996-2007 (11 years).
**'''{{flag|Northern Territory}}:''' The [[Country Liberal Party]] held power from the granting of self-government in 1978 to 2001 (23 years).
**'''{{flag|New South Wales}}:''' The [[Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)|Labor Party]] held power from 1941 to 1965 (24 years), and from 1976 to 1988 and 1995 to 2011 (28 out of 35 years) – in total 52 out of 70 years from 1941 to 2011.
**'''{{flag|Queensland}}:''' The [[Australian Labor Party (Queensland Branch)|Labor Party]] held power from 1915 to 1929 and from 1932 to 1957 (39 out of 42 years). The [[National Party of Australia – Queensland|National Party]] then held power from 1957 to 1989 (32 years) with and without the [[Liberal Party of Australia (Queensland Division)|Liberal Party]]. These were facilitated by a Labor-designed malapportionment that favoured rural districts. The National Party under [[Joh Bjelke-Petersen]] increased the malapportionment with the [[Bjelkemander]], allowing them to rule alone without the Liberals, and used the police to suppress dissent and opposition from Labor. The National Party dominance was ended by a corruption inquiry, Bjelke-Petersen was forced to resign in disgrace, and police and politicians were charged with crimes. Since 1989, Labor has held government aside from a National Party government (1996 to 1998) and Liberal-National Party government (2012 to 2015) (28 years of Labor government out of 33 years).
**'''{{flag|South Australia}}:''' The [[Liberal Party of Australia (South Australian Division)|Liberal and Country League]] held power from 1933 to 1965 (32 years) using the [[playmander]]. The [[Australian Labor Party (South Australian Branch)|Labor Party]] held power from 1970 to 1979, from 1982 to 1993 and from 2002 to 2018 (26 out of 38 years).
**'''{{flag|Tasmania}}:''' The [[Australian Labor Party (Tasmanian Branch)|Labor Party]] held power from 1934 to 1969 and from 1972 to 1982 (45 out of 48 years), from 1989 to 1992, and from 1998 to 2014 (16 years) – in total 64 out of 80 years from 1934 to 2014.
**'''{{flag|Victoria}}:''' The [[National Citizens' Reform League]] (1902–1909), the [[Liberal Party (Australia, 1909)|Deakinite Liberal Party]] (1909–1917) and the [[Nationalist Party (Australia)|Nationalist Party]] (1917–1924) consecutively held power from 1902 to 1924 (22 years). The [[National Party of Australia – Victoria|Country Party]] then ruled from 1924 to 1927 (3 years), followed by the Nationalist Party from 1928 to 1929 (1 year) in a [[Coalition (Australia)#Victoria|coalition]]. The Country Party and the [[United Australia Party]] (later as the [[Liberal Party of Australia (Victorian Division)|Liberal and Country Party]]) held power with and without a coalition from 1932 to 1945 (13 years) and 1947 to 1952 (5 years). The Liberal Party then held power from 1955 to 1982 (27 years). In total, centre-right governments ruled 71 out of 80 years from 1902 to 1982.
**'''{{flag|Western Australia}}:''' The [[Liberal Party of Australia (Western Australian Division)|Liberal Party]] held power from 1947 to 1983 with two one-term interruptions between 1953 and 1956 and 1971 to 1974 (30 out of 36 years).
**'''{{flag|Australian Capital Territory}}:''' The [[Australian Labor Party (Australian Capital Territory Branch)|Labor Party]] has held power since 2001 (23 years as of 2024) (in coalition with the [[ACT Greens]] since 2012), previously holding government between 1989 and 1995 (24 years out of 30 years since self-government).
*'''{{Flag|New Zealand}}''': The [[New Zealand Liberal Party|Liberal Party]] governed from 1891 to 1912.
*'''{{Flag|Samoa}}''': The [[Human Rights Protection Party]] governed from 1982 to 2021.